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IP Address Basics

  • IPv4 Address Classes (32 bit)

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    • The IPv4 address space can be subdivided into 5 classes
    • Class A, B, C, D and E

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IP Address Classes

  • Class A

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    • N.H.H.H
    • Address from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
    • 0 can not be used as Net ID
    • 127 is reserved for loop back functions
    • Class A reserved for governments

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IP Address Classes

  • Class B

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    • N.N.H.H
    • 128-191
    • The first IP Address is the NET ID
    • The last IP Address is the Broadcast Address
    • 65543 Hosts per Network
    • Class B reserved for medium companies

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IP Address Classes

  • Class C
    • N.N.N.H
    • 192-223
    • The first IP Address is the NET ID
    • The last IP Address is the Broadcast Address
    • 254 Hosts per Network
    • Class C reserved for small companies

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IP Address Classes

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CLASS D – Used for multicast broadcasts

224 to 239

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CLASS E – Experimental addresses not available to the public

240 to 255

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SUBNET MASKING

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Default Subnet Mask

    • CLASS A - 255.0.0.0
    • CLASS B - 255.255.0.0
    • CLASS C - 255.255.255.0

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DHCP

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Advantages

    • IP Address management (Automatic)
    • Centralized network client configuration
    • Allow support for bootp client
      • Networks bootp 🡪 DHCP
    • Pools of IP Address (dynamically)
    • Central administration of multiple servers

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DHCP strategies for IP Allocation

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    • Manual
    • Dynamic (bootp) – during network initialization
      • Leased with limited time duration
    • Automatic - permanent assign IP
      • DHCP keep record of past IP address
    • Static - pre configuration
      • MAC address 🡨🡪IP address