�VẤN ĐỀ VI SINH LÂM SÀNG �TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ NHIỄM TRÙNG S. AUREUS�
Phạm Hồng Nhung
Bộ môn Vi sinh, Đại học Y Hà Nội
Khoa Vi sinh, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai
Chỉ riêng 6 tác nhân E coli, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginose gây tử vong
929000 trong số 1,27 triệu ca tử vong do AMR và 3,57 triệu ca trong số 4,95 triệu ca tử vong liên quan đến AMR năm 2019
204 countries and territories in 2019
23 bacterial pathogens, and 88 pathogen–drug combinations
MRSA caused over 100,000 deaths alone
Tỷ lệ MRSA ở các quốc gia trên thế giới
Nhiễm trùng S. aureus
Biomedicines 2022, 10, 1804
Hoạt tính kháng sinh và đề kháng: Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng
bacterial status
antimicrobial concentrations
host factors
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00364
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Front. Immunol. 12:638085.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.638085
Mechanisms of Antibiotic Failure in S. aureus Infection
Cư trú nội bào của Staphylococcus aureus
Biomedicines 2022, 10, 1804
Nat Rev Microbiol 9, 215–222 (2011)
Are bloodstream leukocytes
Trojan Horses for the metastasis of S. aureus?
Novel treatment strategies to reach the intracellular reservoir of S. aureus
Antibody conjugated to antibiotic is taken up into the
phagolysosome with the bacteria, then host-derived proteases can cleave off the rifalogue conjugated to the antibody, activating it, which can then attack the intracellular bacteria;
2. Nanoparticle/liposome delivery system
Antibiotics can be taken up inside nanoparticles or liposomes which can fuse with the cellular membrane to deliver the encapsulated drug intracellularly.
3. Indirect killing
Silver nanoparticles deliver silver into the host cell cytoplasm ->activates NADPH oxidase to induce ROS production -> improved killing of the intracellular reservoir.
4. Bio-conjugated proteins
cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) are molecules that can deliver the attached peptidoglycan hydrolase (PGH).
Biomedicines 2022, 10, 1804
Tồn tại dai dẳng
Poor response to Ab
tolerance
resistance
Persistence
Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 2019. 73:359–85
High level of persister frequency in clinical staphylococcal isolates
Evaluation of persister frequency on different parameters.
Manandhar et al. BMC Microbiology (2022) 22:109
Biofilm
Infect Immun 89:e00694-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00694-20.
PLOS Pathogens | DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006012 December 29, 2016
Can Biofilms Be Defined as Communities of Adherent Persister Cells
Antibiotics 2023, 12, 406
SCV
cấy mủ
BSNT47 Ngô Thị Hảo
% SCV: 29.4%
% SCV (mủ): 69%
(1) Does prior antibiotic exposure affect how S. aureus survives within a developing biofilm when exposed to an antibiotic that penetrates biofilm, like rifampicin?
(2)Does exposure to an antibiotic with poor biofilm penetration, such as vancomycin, affect how S. aureus survives within a developing biofilm?
(3) Do small-colony variants emerge from antibiotic-tolerant or -resistant bacteria in a S. aureus biofilm?
Questions
Biofilm mediated antibiotic tolerance as a neglected feature of bacterial communities that prevents the effective treatment of PJI.
Clinical Relevance
Clin Orthop Relat Res (2021) 479:1471-1481
Commonly Used Treatments for MRSA Have Poor Activity against Biofilms In Vitro
Identification of Drug Combinations with Strong Anti-Biofilm Activity
Unique Anti-Persister Activity of Clinafloxacin Could Not Be Replaced by Other Fluoroquinolone
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Oritavancin
Antibiotics 2022, 11, 1278.
The Effect of Inoculum Size on Selection of In Vitro
Resistance to Vancomycin, Daptomycin, and Linezolid
in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
low (104 CFU/ml), medium (106 CFU/ml), and high (108 CFU/ml)
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 during 15 days of cycling
DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0059
moderate initial IE
significant IE
MICL = 0.25
MICL = 1
MICM= 0.25–0.5
MICL = 1
MICM = 1–2
MICH = 2
MICL = 1 mg
MICM= 1–2
Agents Chemother 62:e01158-18
Staphylococcus aureus TX0117 – cephazolin IE
Nồng độ kháng sinh
Frontiers in Pharmacology
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00364
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