MOST FREQUENT AFFIXES (PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES)

• Word Beginnings and Endings
• You Can Really Use in Reading Text

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ROOT WORD

• A root word is a word in its simplest form.
• A root word has nothing added to it.
• Examples:

Do Read

Heat Pack

Write Use

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AFFIXES

• Affixes : word part added to the root word
• Divided in two form :
1. Prefix
2. Suffix

PREFIXES

WHY LEARN PREFIXES?

• Prefixes add meaning to thousands of words.
• Learn a few prefixes, and you open up the meaning of thousands of words.
• The four most frequent prefixes are 97% of prefixed words!

WHAT ARE PREFIXES?

• Prefixes are syllables that is added to the beginning of a root word
• Prefixes combine with words to create new meanings.
1. Pre + View = Preview (first look)
2. Super + Star = Superstar (top player)

MOST COMMON PREFIXES

1. Anti = against : anti-war, anticlimax
2. De = opposite : depart, deactivate
3. Dis = not/ opposite of: disagree, discard
4. En(m) = cause to : encode, empower
5. Fore = before : forecast
6. In(m) = in : intake, implant
7. Inter = between: interact, interchange

DO YOU KNOW COMMON PREFIXES?

1. Anti
2. De
3. Dis*
4. En(m)
5. Fore
6. In(m)
7. Inter

A. between

B. cause to

C. against

D. in/ not

E. before

F. not

G. opposite

MOST COMMON PREFIXES

8. Mid = Middle : Midway, midnight
9. Mis = Wrongly : Mistake, misuse
10. Non* = Not : Nonsense, nontoxic
11. Over = Over : Overlook, overload
12. Pre = Before : Preview, pretest
13. Re = Again : Return, recall
14. Semi = Half : Semicircle, semifowler

DO YOU KNOW COMMON PREFIXES?

8. Mid
9. Mis
10. Non
11. Over

12. Pre

13. Re

14. Semi

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1. Wrong
2. Center
3. Not
4. Half
5. Again
6. Above
7. Before

MOST COMMON PREFIXES

15. Sub = Under : Submarine, subway

16. Super = Above: Superstar

17. Trans = Across : Transport, transform

18. Un* = Not : Unfriendly, unlike

19. Under = Under : Undersea

20. In, Im, Il, Ir * = Not : Injustice,

Impossible, Illiterate, Irreligious, irrational

DO YOU KNOW COMMON PREFIXES?

15. Sub

16. Super

17. Trans

18. Un

19. Under

20. In, Im, Il, Ir

1. Across
2. Not
3. Below
4. Not
5. Above
6. Below

SUFFIXES

WHAT ARE SUFFIXES?

• Suffixes are syllables that is added to the end of a root word
• Suffixes combine with words to create new meanings.
1. Turn + ed = Turned (in the past)
2. Quick + ly = Quickly (how it turned)

WHY LEARN SUFFIXES?

• Suffixes add meaning to thousands of words.
• Learn a few Suffixes, and you open up the meaning of thousands of words.
• The four most frequent suffixes are 97% of suffixed words!

KIND OF SUFFIXES

1. Inflectional Suffixes

- added to Noun 🡪 plural and possession form

e.g. : drugs, tablets, John’s, Nurses’

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- added to Verb 🡪 tenses

e.g. : operates, cleans, operated, cleaned

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- added to Adjective 🡪 degree of comparison

e.g. : younger, youngest, older, oldest

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KIND OF SUFFIXES

2. Derivational Suffixes

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MOST COMMON SUFFIXES

1. -able, ible = can be done : doable, makeable
2. -al, ial = has property of : personal, global
3. -ed* = past verb : turned, played
4. -en = made of : golden, wooden
5. -er = comparative : higher, faster
6. -er = one who : doer, actor, dancer
7. -est = superlative : best, biggest, fastest

DO YOU KNOW COMMON SUFFIXES?

1. -able
2. -al
3. -ed
4. -en
5. -er
6. -er
7. -est

1. Past
2. Made of
3. Having
4. One who
5. Comparative
6. Can
7. Superlative

MOST COMMON SUFFIXES

8. –ful = full of : careful, joyful

9. –ic = having property of : linguistic

10. –ing* = present participle : running

11. –(t)ion = act, process : mediation

12. –(i)ty = state of : infinity, sanity

13. –(t)ive = adjective : massive, conclusive

14. –less = without : fearless, careless

DO YOU KNOW COMMON SUFFIXES?

8. –ful

9. –ic

10. –ing*

11. –(t)ion

12. –(i)ty

13. –(t)ive

14. –less

1. Present participle
2. State of
3. Without
4. Having property of
5. Full of
6. Act
7. Adjective

MOST COMMON SUFFIXES

15. –ly* = having : quickly, quietly

16. –ment = action, process : enjoyment, treatment

17. –ness = state of : kindness

18. –ous = having : joyous, religious

19. –s* = more than one : books

20. –y = having : snowy, windy

Use these suffixes correctly, and

you look and sound pretty smart.

DO YOU KNOW COMMON SUFFIXES?

15. –ly*

16. –ment

17. –ness

18. –ous

19. –s*

20. –y

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1. Action/ process
2. Having
3. Having
4. Plural
5. State of
6. Having

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CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THE MEANING OF…

• Healthful? :
• Reheat? :
• Uncomfortable? :
• Sadly? :
• Reread? :
• Unlock? :