Livestock Terminology
Cattle
Bull – a male bovine of any age that has not been castrated.
Cattle
Steer – a male bovine animal that was castrated before reaching maturity.
Cattle
Cow – a female bovine that has had one or more calves
Cattle
Heifer – a female bovine that has not had a calf
Cattle
Calf - a young bovine animal less than 1 year old
Cattle
Veal – calves younger than three months of age sold for slaughter.
Swine
Boar – a male swine that has not been castrated.
Swine
Barrow – a male swine castrated while young, in which physical traits of the boar have not developed.
Swine
Sow – an older female swine that has farrowed or is showing signs of pregnancy.
Swine
Gilt – a young female swine that has not farrowed and is not showing any signs of pregnancy.
Swine
piglet - a young pig of any sex
Sheep
Ram – a male sheep or lamb that has not been castrated.
Sheep
Wether – a male sheep that has been castrated before reaching maturity.
Sheep
Ewe – a female sheep or lamb.
Sheep
lamb - young sheep of any sex
Goats
Buck - un castrated mature male goat
Goats
Wether - a male goat that has been castrated before reaching maturity.
Goats
Doe - A female goat who has reached maturity and has had kids
Goats
Doeling - immature female goats
Goats
Buckling - an un castrated male goat less than 1 year of age
Equine
Stallion – a mature male horse four years of age or older.
Equine
Gelding – a male horse that has been castrated.
Equine
Colt – a male horse less than three years of age.
Equine
Mare – a mature female horse, four years of age or older.
Equine
Filly – a female horse under three years of age.
Equine
Foal – a young horse of either gender up to one year of age.
Poultry
Rooster – a male of domestic poultry.
Poultry
Cockerel - a young male
Poultry
Hen – a female of domestic poultry.
Poultry
Capon – a male chicken that has been surgically castrated.