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Graphs �AND�Charts

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Why do we use graphs?

  • Graphs represent information- they are visual images which are quick and easy to read.

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  • It is easier to see what is happening with information in a graph than in a table or spreadsheet.

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  • It is also easier to see patterns in data in a graph.

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What is the importance of a title?

  • If a graph did not have a title, it could be interpreted in many different ways.
  • For example:

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What do the axis do?

  • Each graph has 2 axis:

The ‘X’ axis (horizontal)

The ‘Y’ axis (vertical)

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  • The ‘X’ axis is usually the category choices- the data does not change.
  • The ‘Y’ axis usually represents the value that changes.

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Raw Data

  • Raw data is the original information collected.

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  • It is usually presented in a tally chart (or a frequency table).

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  • Eye colour:

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Blue

Black

Brown

Grey

Hazel

Green

Year 1

8

3

15

2

4

0

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Different types of graphs…

  • There are many different types of graphs and charts.

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  • The 5 main types of graphs are:
  • Pictograms
  • Bar graphs
  • Comparative graphs
  • Pie charts
  • Line graphs

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Pictograms

  • Pictograms represent data in a simple form with pictures.

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  • The MOST important thing to remember when reading a pictogram is to look for a key.

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  • The key can completely change your understanding of the data.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

* Easy to read * simple data

* Quick * limited topics

* All languages * suits smaller numbers

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Bar Graphs

  • A bar chart uses columns or blocks to show what the data represents.
  • A bar graph can be constructed with the bars/ columns running vertically or horizontally.
  • Traditionally they are presented vertically.
  • This type of graph is useful for showing data that uses larger numbers or for making quick comparisons.

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Comparative Graphs

  • Comparative graphs are a type of bar graph, useful for when you are collecting data from different ‘groups’ of people.
  • A comparative graph is used to compare sets of data.

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Eye colour:

​

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Blue

Black

Brown

Grey

Hazel

Green

Year 1

8

3

15

2

4

0

Year 2

10

1

14

6

0

1

Year 3

18

0

3

0

1

2

Year 4

14

3

9

5

7

0

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Blue

Black

Brown

Grey

Hazel

Green

Year 1

8

3

15

2

4

0

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Comparative Graphs

  • Used to compare sets of data.

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Pie Charts

  • A pie chart is a circle made out of segments.
  • Each segment represents a proportion of the data.
  • Pie charts are usually presented in percentages.
  • The key next to it usually uses a colour code to show what the data represents.

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Line Graphs

  • A line graph is used when the value being measured is the same.
  • Line graphs can track when values are high and low.

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