1 of 34

Session 1: Identity

What puts the ‘I’ in my identity?�What makes me ‘me’?

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

2 of 34

What puts the ‘I’ in my identity?�What makes me ‘me’?

My language

language /ˈlaŋɡwɪdʒ/

noun

1.1 the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.

e.g., "a study of the way children learn language“

2.2 a system of communication used by a particular country or community.

"the book was translated into twenty-five languages“��synonyms: tongue, speech, mother tongue, native tongue, dialect, vernacular; bhasha; �e.g.,"the English language"

informal lingo

1

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

3 of 34

Modern English started out as Old English which comes from…

Latin

a Germanic language

an Indian language

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

4 of 34

Why English comes from German

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

5 of 34

Eddie Izzard und die Kuh!

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

6 of 34

Kannst du Deutsch?

Ich trinke Wasser und Tee.
Wir essen Brot.
Wo ist das? Es ist hier!
Wann? Am Montag.

t	d
s	t
vowels are sometimes different

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

30-40% modern English comes directly from old English, which comes from German.�80 of the most frequent 100 English words come from German, and taking into account a few spelling changes we can understand most of them.

Give students the spelling changes – German ‘t’ is often ‘d’ in English (not always!) and ‘s’ is often ‘t’. And vowels sometimes shift.�See if they can tell you what the sentences mean. Suggest that saying them out loud sometimes helps to get at the meaning, too.��1. I drink water and tea.

2. We eat bread

3. Where is that? It is here.

4. When? On Monday.

Regardless of whether students are currently learning German or not, it will be useful/interesting to point out that Old English had:

1) gender, therefore different words for ‘the’ and adjective spelling changes�2) word order more similar to German word order that modern English today.

7 of 34

English has…French words.

5 - 10%

10 – 20%

20 - 30%

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

8 of 34

% modern English words from each language

French	29%
Germanic	26%
Latin	29%
Greek	6%
Others	10%

By Murraytheb at English Wikipedia

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

9 of 34

anorak
bungalow
siesta
yoghurt
tattoo
ketchup
cocoa
ski
muesli
shampoo
umbrella
bagel
safari
zero
banana

Arabic
Bengali
Chinese or Malay
Hindi
Innuit
Italian
Norwegian
Quechua

Spanish
Swahili
Swiss German
Tahitian
Turkish
Wolof
Yiddish

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

10 of 34

anorak	Innuit
bungalow	Bengali
siesta	Spanish
yoghurt	Turkish
tattoo	Tahitian
ketchup	Chinese or Malay
cocoa	Quechua
ski	Norwegian
muesli	Swiss German
shampoo	Hindi
umbrella	Italian
bagel	Yiddish
safari	Safari
zero	Arabic
banana	Wolof

Arabic
Bengali
Chinese or Malay
Hindi
Innuit
Italian
Norwegian
Quechua

Spanish
Swahili
Swiss German
Tahitian
Turkish
Wolof
Yiddish

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

11 of 34

Great Britain is ...

England and Scotland.

England, Scotland and Wales.

England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

12 of 34

Great Britain

Scotland

Wales

England

United Kingdom

Scotland

Wales

England

Northern �Ireland

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

13 of 34

Great Britain has … official languages.

1

2

6

English and Welsh

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

14 of 34

Shwmae

Cornish	Gaelic	Geordie	Irish	Scots	Welsh

Dia dhuit

Hou

Aalreet

Hullo

Madainn Mhath

Shwmae

Hullo

Aalreet

Dia dhuit

Hou

Madainn �Mhath

www.omniglot.com

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

15 of 34

French?

Turkish?

German?

Italian?

Russian?

Bengali?

Hindi?

Polish?

Mandarin?

Cantonese?

Spanish?

Gujarati?

Arabic?

Portuguese?

Did you know? There are around 7,000 languages spoken in the world!

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

Think about the language(s) you speak now and what you use it/them for. �NB: This activity allows all those in our classes who already have other languages from their home background to acknowledge those actively. It also gives the monolingual British students the opportunity to include the language or languages they are just starting out to learn, a small foothold in their identity.��We need to make the point that our identities are NOT fixed, they are dynamic constructs, and all of our experiences throughout life will contribute to them, including our classroom learning.�What may only be a few words at this point in time may grow to play a large part in forming our identity, OR may remain a relatively small part. In the future, it might be a completely different language that is life-changing for us.�The main point here is to open up the possibility for students that language (not just their mother tongue, but any language) is a key part of their identity, and that this is not something fixed but constantly evolving.�Session leaders should feel free to elaborate here, drawing on any personal anecdotes that will resonate with students.

16 of 34

Name of language	I use this language….

With my friends

With my mum

With my dad

With my brother/sister

in school

at home

with my grandparents

to read

to talk

to sing

to pray

to write

to play

to listen

to hear stories

to read

With my teacher

With other students

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

17 of 34

What puts the ‘I’ in my identity?�What makes me ‘me’?

My language
My culture

2

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

18 of 34

Great British cultural icons

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

Which of these is not actually British? (i.e. comes from somewhere else or was created by a non-British person)�All of them!�https://www.buzzfeed.com/hilarywardle/what-have-immigrants-ever-done-for-us��1. Fish and chips�Britain without fish and chips wouldn't be Britain...quite literally, as it's been suggested that the popular, cheap dish boosted morale and helped us win the first world war. So it's a good job that a Jewish immigrant called Joseph Malin opened the first ever fish-and-chip shop in London in 1860. His battered fish was based on an old Portuguese-Jewish recipe, so we also have Portugal to thank too. Thanks, Portugal!��2. Marks and Spencers�This most quintessentially British of retailers was actually founded by Michael Marks, a Polish Jewish refugee from Russia. He emigrated to England in 1882 and moved to Leeds, where he rented an area in a covered market and sold goods that only cost a penny (the original Poundland, if you will). ��3. Rimmel cosmetics�Rimmel was founded by French immigrant Eugène Rimmel, who moved to Britain in 1820 when his dad accepted an invitation to manage a perfume shop in London. Rimmel took to the beauty profession like a duck to water, and Rimmel Cosmetics was born in 1834.��4. The Mini�Nothing could be more utterly, 100% British than the Mini, right? Wrong. The designer of the Mini, Sir Alec Issigonis, was born in Smyrna, Greece, (now Izmir in Turkey) and moved to the UK in 1923 to study engineering at Battersea Polytechnic in London. He then went on to work for Austin Motors where he created the Mini, before moving to Morris where he designed the prototype for the Morris Minor.

http://home.bt.com/lifestyle/food/food-latest/these-great-british-foods-arent-actually-british-11364255155295

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marks_%26_Spencer,_The_Mall_Athens.JPG

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Rimmel_logo.png Rimmel [Public domain]

19 of 34

British stereotypes

British people love to drink tea
British people believe in queuing
British people always talk about the weather
British people always get burnt on holiday
British people say ‘sorry’ all the time
British people are very polite
British people hate confrontation (and don’t say what they mean)
British people all love the royal family
British people are always punctual

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

Some stereotypes that people from other countries hold about British people�A few things to mention with regard to stereotypes:

There’s often an element of truth in them – as a generality
They won’t all apply to all British people – people are individuals, that’s the point of questioning our prejudices about other peoples, too.
It’s all relative – we might not think that we believe in queuing, until we go to countries where they don’t queue, and we feel the ‘injustice’ of a free for all system!

Again, it’s useful to add in personal stories, and invite students to share any ideas they have.

Question to ask: Why might it be a problem to generalise about a whole nation of people in this way?� - it divides people into categories, it creates distance / barriers between people, it creates an ‘us and them’ mentality� - it obscures the individual, making us see all people from a particular group as essentially the same – this blinds us to the enjoyment of making friends with individuals from different countries�- it focuses on what makes a set of people different from ourselves, we fail to see what we have in common, that in terms of what matters, we’re the same – human beings.��https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/inaccurate-stereotypes-about-british-people-that-everyone-believes-to-be-true-a6776461.html�http://ukstudentresidences.com/famous-stereotypes-british-people-true-false/?lang=fr�https://theculturetrip.com/europe/united-kingdom/articles/14-british-stereotypes-that-we-wont-even-try-to-deny/��This is a nice blog – some things a group of foreign students has noticed, whilst living for a year in the UK. �https://www.chevening.org/news/twenty-one-of-the-most-british-things-that-ive-spotted-whilst-in-the-uk/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYPUVb0uktU�7-minute video about British stereotypes – has quite a few interesting facts and figures.

20 of 34

By http://www.inf.aber.ac.uk/academicliaison/horton/details/peepattheworld.asp, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=43816198

A 19th-century children's book informs its readers that the Dutch are a very industrious race, and that Chinese children are very obedient to their parents

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

21 of 34

What puts the ‘I’ in my identity?�What makes me ‘me’?

My language
My culture
My nationality

3

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

22 of 34

You are automatically a British citizen if…

you are born in the UK.

one of your parents is a British citizen.

you are born in the UK and one of your grand-parents is a British citizen.

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

Note: The idea here is NOT to get bogged down in the very complex area of British nationality law! �However, these sessions are designed to get students to think about things they take for granted, and many of them will never have had to think about their rights to a nationality.�Some students in our classes, however, may themselves not have British citizenship. Teachers will be guided by their knowledge of their own students.�

You are born in the UK – this doesn’t guarantee you British citizenship, unless one of your parents is a British citizen or ‘settled’ in the UK.�"Settled" status usually means the parent is resident in the UK or a British Overseas Territory and has the right of abode (or similar status), or holds Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR), or is a citizen of an EU/EEA Member State and has permanent residence, or is otherwise unrestricted by immigration laws to remain in the UK or that Overseas Territory.^[8] Irish citizens in the UK are deemed settled for this purpose.

2. You are automatically a British citizen if one of your parents is a British citizen, whether you are born in the UK or not.�3. No.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_nationality_law

23 of 34

Who built the Tower of London?

William the Conqueror

Queen Victoria

Queen Elizabeth I

Oliver Cromwell

https://lifeintheuktestweb.co.uk/british-citizenship-test-6/

British Citizenship Test questions

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

24 of 34

How often are ‘Prime Minister’s Questions’ held in parliament?

Every day

Every week

Every two weeks

Once a month

https://lifeintheuktestweb.co.uk/british-citizenship-test-6/

British Citizenship Test questions

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

25 of 34

Which king was executed in 1649?

James I

Charles II

James VII

Charles I

https://lifeintheuktestweb.co.uk/british-citizenship-test-6/

British Citizenship Test questions

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

26 of 34

Where is Swansea located?

England

Northern Ireland

Scotland

Wales

https://lifeintheuktestweb.co.uk/british-citizenship-test-6/

British Citizenship Test questions

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

27 of 34

Which two political parties formed a coalition in 2010?

The Conservative Party

The Green Party

The Labour Party

The Liberal Democrats Party

https://lifeintheuktestweb.co.uk/british-citizenship-test-6/

British Citizenship Test questions

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

28 of 34

Bumi Thomas

Bumi Thomas: British-born jazz artist faces deportation from the UK

Born in Glasgow in 1983, Bumi faces deportation after the Home Office said she had no right to remain in the UK.

A law change, six months before Bumi was born, affected the automatic citizenship rights of children born in the UK to parents from the Commonwealth.

Her parents were unaware they had to fill in a naturalisation form and thought Bumi was a citizen like her older sister, who was born before the law was enacted.

Bumi has appealed against the decision, with her case set to be heard in October 2019.

Video Journalist: Fahima Abdulrahman

Additional filming: Sam Everett

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

29 of 34

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

By Jan CZ - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=75000677

By Abjiklam - Own work. File:Western Sahara location map.svg, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45309580

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

This is another story about identity, this time of a people and territory. It goes without saying that teachers should decide whether this is interesting and/or appropriate for their students.�

For other people in the word, it is not only their nationality that is an issue, it is the status of their place of birth. Is it a country or isn’t it?

Story of Saharawi Republic�The Sahrawis are the native people of Western Sahara. Morocco claims historical rights to the area, while the Sahrawi resistance organization Polisario struggles for the Sahrawis' right to self-determination. The ultimate goal of Polisario is an independent Sahrawi state in the Western Saharan territory.�Background�Western Sahara was a territory occupied by the Spanish – it was one of their colonies (like Britain occupied in the past the Bahamas, Canada, Cyprus, Hong Kong, Kenya, India etc…)�In 1973 they left it; the Polisario Front (representing local Sahrawi people) were in conflict with the Spanish, wanting independence.�The Spanish left, after lots of Moroccans entered the country, claiming it as well.�Morocco wanted it, so did neighbouring Mauritania. The Polisario Front declared independence for their people, calling the new country the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. They still only occupy/control 20-30% of the country they claim. Moroccan authorities occupy the rest, and claim the whole of the territory, too.�There are around 400-500,000 Sahrawi people, most living in permanent refugee camps. Many people have lived their whole lives in a refugee camp, this is all they know.��The nominal capital city is Laayoune^a (or El-Aaiún) but this is in Moroccan control.

Tifariti is the de facto capital. There is a flag, a national anthem and people can get passports.

https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ad338c.html – Sahrawis can get a passport – with it they can apparently travel to the countries which recognise the Sahrawi Arab Democractic Republic (that is currently around 40 / 192 countries). Britain doesn’t recognise the SADR.

People speak Spanish and Arabic here – these are the two official languages.��Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic�https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic

http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8225/CBP-8225.pdf �

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic_in_Africa_%28de-facto%29.svg �TUBS [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)] ��

30 of 34

What puts the ‘I’ in my identity?�What makes me ‘me’?

My language
My culture
My nationality
My home

4

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

31 of 34

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

How many people have recently made their homes in the UK?�In year Jan – Dec 2018, 602, 000 moved to live in the UK (343,00 left the UK).�1/7 UK residents was not born in the UK.�https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/bulletins/migrationstatisticsquarterlyreport/may2019�Questions: �1] Have you or your parents had another country you’ve called ‘home’?�2] Can you imagine making your home in a different country? OR travelling for few months?�3] Where would you most like to go?�4] Do you know anyone (friend or family) who set off travelling and ended up settling in a different part of the world?�Why was this? What are the different reasons people might end up living in a different country from that of their birth?�� - meeting a life partner � - being offered a job� - travelling and just liking it� - becoming a refugee�- getting into trouble with the law and setting off to start a new life (when I did a choir tour and was staying with a family in Australia, the parents told us their story – essentially the father, as a young man, had got into the wrong crowd, got into a bit of trouble with the law, and thinking he might get arrested, he hopped on a boat bound for Australia with his then girlfriend. They settled in Australia, got jobs, got married, had two children, never looked back).��The key of all this is to realise that:

1) ‘Home’ is an important part of our identity�but�2) ‘Home’ need not be fixed for ever and every�and�3) We cannot possibly predict what life may throw at us later –so it’s as well to open our minds to the possibility that we may well want to make our home somewhere else in the future.��Image:�https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jan/21/eu-citizen-registration-in-uk-could-become-new-windrush-say-migration-experts#img-1

32 of 34

What puts the ‘I’ in my identity?�What makes me ‘me’?

My language
My culture
My nationality
My home
My family

5

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

33 of 34

Exploding identities

My language
My culture
My nationality
My home
My family
My name

Don’t forget your name! It’s usually a parent who chooses our name. Names often have meanings, and sometimes stories attached to them.

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes

34 of 34

Idea	Resource	Attribution
Session 1: Identity�What puts the ‘I’ in my identity? What makes me ‘me’?¹	PPT Session 1�Slide 2	¹Idea taken and/or adapted from Digilang project
My language – English?�Origins of English �(e.g., as a Germanic language)	Slides 3-5�Video clip (Eddie Izzard uses Old English to communicate with native German (Frisian) speaker
Kannst du Deutsch?�Making very few changes, we can understand a lot of German.	Slide 6
Multilingual English �(words we think are English but are in fact other languages)	Slides 7-10�English has 29% French, 29% Latin, 26% Germanic, 6% Greek, 10% other words�Task to identify some loan words and match them to countries.
Languages spoken in the UK (historically and now)�Great Britain / UK / England – bilingual and multilingual nation	Slides 11 - 14�What is GB? And UK?�2 official languages, but others, too.�Listen to ‘Hello’ in six ‘indigenous’ UK languages and identify them.
Self-reflection – my languages	Slides 15-16
My culture – British?¹ Great British ‘Fake Off’ – Great British things that are not British (e.g Fish and chips, Marks and Spencers)¹	Slides 17-18	¹Idea taken and/or adapted from Digilang project
Stereotypes – how are British people seen	Slide 19-20
Nationality – its role in identity;�taking nationality for granted	Slides 21 - 29�What allows you to be a British citizen?�If you had to take a British Citizenship test, how would you do?�Story – British-born but no British nationality (Jazz singer)�Story – territory with people but no nation state (country without a nationality)
The notion of ‘home’	Slides 30-31�Statistics about who chooses to make their home in the UK.�Questions to prompt thinking about how we might settle somewhere else, why ‘home’ might change.
The importance of ‘family’	Slide 32
Exploding identities¹	Task: Write down on small pieces of paper everything that makes up / influences your identity (including what others think of you) – pop the balloon. This is to symbolise that, whilst all these things are very important to us, they are not fixed for ever and ever, and will continuing growing and changing, and being re-made, throughout all of our lives.	¹Idea taken and/or adapted from Digilang project

Material licensed as CC BY-NC-SA 4.0�

Rachel Hawkes