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Leveraging ChatGPT for Spanish language instruction in and outside of the classroom

Lillian Jones

PhD Candidate, Spanish Linguistics �

28 February 2024

Davis Language Center Workshop

AI-Powered Language Instruction: Innovative Strategies and Applications

University of California, Davis

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Student

Out-of-class activity

Instructor

In-class activity

Table Of Contents

Takeaways

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2

3

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Introduction

Elaborate on what you want to discuss.

  • Course: SPA 21 - Intermediate Spanish I (in person)�
  • Context: Pre-reading, vocabulary - Students are working on a pre reading activity for a section on culture. As part of their pre reading activity they are given a list of 11 key vocabulary items to learn, study, and practice with before engaging with the complete reading. As a creative and active learning strategy to facilitate the binding between the text representation of the word and an image, I used ChatGPT to create an in-class vocabulary learning lesson. �
  • Learning Objective: students will be able to identify and appropriately use the 11 target words within the context of the reading and in other situations.

In-class activity: Essential information

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Elaborate on what

you want to discuss.

1

Instructor provides the following prompt to ChatGPT 4

“Por favor, crea una imagen que incluye todas estas palabras de vocabulario y pon el ambiente/escena en Argentina: amanecer, antigüedad, capilla, madrugada, milonga, pasear, recorrido, rodeado, destino, diseño, trasnochar.

→ English Translation: “Please create an image that includes all of these vocabulary words and put the setting of the scene in Argentina: dawn, ancient times, chapel, early morning, milonga, walk, tour, surrounded, destination, design, stay up late.

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This image to the right is what came up.

ChatGPT is not always spot on with the images it makes, and the prompt engineer (instructor) should be really specific with what they hope to see as the end result.

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  1. Instructor reviews target vocabulary with students.

amanecer, antigüedad, capilla, madrugada, milonga, pasear, recorrido, rodeado, destino, diseño, trasnochar.

dawn, ancient times, chapel, early morning, milonga, walk, tour, surrounded, destination, design, stay up late.

2

Small-group activity

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2

Small-group activity

2. Instructor asks learners to analyze the image and decide which words from the list are represented in the image and which ones are not, and how.

    • First, students review the image and make notes alone.
    • Second, students discuss their observations in a small group.
    • Finally, students engage in a whole-class share out.�

*Instructor encourages students to critically analyze the image and discuss what the AI tool did represent well, and what it did not represent well. This activity encourages active learning and a critical analysis of a technological tool for language learning.

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What do you think?

amanecer, antigüedad, capilla, madrugada, milonga, pasear, recorrido, rodeado, destino, diseño, trasnochar.

dawn, ancient times, chapel, early morning, milonga, walk, tour, surrounded, destination, design, stay up late.

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Summary

  • Form connections between visual and textual representations of words (vocabulary learning)
  • think-pair-share
  • image of “exactly” what you need as a teacher

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Introduction

Elaborate on what you want to discuss.

  • Course: SPA 21 - Intermediate Spanish I (in person)�
  • Context: Target concept review homework - Students have learned and have been practicing the subjunctive (a verbal mood) in several contexts, such as subjunctive in noun clauses and the subjunctive in adverbial phrases.�
  • Learning Objective: Students will be able to recognize situations in which the subjunctive mood should be used, and correctly apply it in these communicative situations.

Out-of-class activity: Essential information

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2

Instructor provides the following prompt to ChatGPT 4

Instructions to the students: Engage in a conversation with ChatGPT as you plan your dream vacation together. During the conversation, use the subjunctive mood where appropriate. For example, you will express your desires, doubts, and preferences. Please read the instructions carefully and complete all tasks.

Pre

Pre task activity (warm up or preparation)

During

Main part of task

Post

Post task activity (reflection or analysis)

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PRE TASK

Preparing for conversation about dream vacation

  1. On your own, decide on your dream vacation destination. It could be a Spanish-speaking country or any other place you'd love to visit.�
  2. List out your top 5 priorities for when you go on vacation. For example, what do you like to do most? Do you like to find the best restaurants, hike, do walking tours, visit museums, engage with locals at the neighborhood pub, attend a sports game, etc.

*target language (Spanish)

student instructions

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ON-TASK

Tell ChatGPT/AI tool about your plan and give it explicit instructions about how you would like it to interact with you in order to prompt use of the subjunctive in the context of your target country and personalized dream vacation. ��Input the following text into the chat message with ChatGPT, but replace the blanks with your custom information:

Hello! I am planning a vacation to _________. The vacation will be 6 days long. When I take a vacation, I like to ________, ________, ________, _____ and _______. Please help me plan my vacation. Let’s first start with your personalized recommendations. Based on the information I have provided, please provide just 5 recommendations on places for me to visit, activities to do, and foods to try (for example). Please make sure you use an appropriate recommendation phrase and include the subjunctive mood in each of your 5 responses.

student instructions

student prompt to ChatGPT

target language forms • input for student

Discussing recommendations for dream vacation

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In a separate document, the one you will turn in to your instructor, copy and paste your prompt and the AI’s results. Highlight or make note of a) uses of the subjunctive and its corresponding trigger, b) cases where you think the subjunctive should have been used, and briefly explain why it should have been used.

I am going to share with you five wishes and desires for my trip. I will use phrases which should trigger the subjunctive mood, and follow with a verb in the subjunctive mood. Your task is to respond back to each individual wish/desire, point by point, with a suggestion about how I might obtain that wish/desire.

student instructions

student prompt to ChatGPT

target language forms • student output

examples of target language forms • input for student

ON-TASK

Discussing recommendations for dream vacation

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POST TASK

Linguistic analysis and critical analysis of AI tool’s responses

Turn in assignment

In your document you will turn in, please copy and paste your phrases and the response provided by ChatGPT. Please complete the following tasks:

  1. highlight the cases of the subjunctive that a) you provided and the corresponding trigger/reason why, and b) the cases of subjunctive that ChatGPT provided. For the latter, please indicate if they are a) correctly used and why/why not, and b) if there are any cases where ChatGPT did not use the subjunctive and you think it should have, please rewrite the sentence using the subjunctive.
  2. decide if ChatGPT gave you appropriate and relevant suggestions based on the desires you shared.

To finish:

Please review your separate document and ensure your prompts, ChatGPT’s responses, and your highlights and notes are all clearly marked. You may consider using different font colors or markups to distinguish between the text.

Turn your final document in via Canvas.

student instructions

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Summary

  • Scaffolded activity where student prompts the AI tool to provide target language (and target forms) to receive input, and then produce their own output
  • Linguistic and critical analysis of target language forms and the AI tool’s responses
  • Cultural aspect (Spanish-speaking country)

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Takeaways

Solicit feedback

Context

Input, output & feedback

Test your prompts from several perspectives before providing to students

Get feedback from your students on their perceptions, experiences, and confidence in using the tools

Provide the AI tool with lots of details and context

Design communicative tasks where learners receive input and provide output and receive feedback

Test it yourself!

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THANK YOU!

Lillian Jones

PhD Candidate, Associate Instructor

Department of Spanish and Portuguese

University of California, Davis

liljones@ucdavis.edu

🐦 @Lily_Jones