Emergencies and Disaster Preparedness Management:�In these Pandemic Times Concerns & Challenges

Presented by:

​

ADRIAN L DUQUE,RN-EMT, DMS, NC2 [LCP]

President / Chairman Emeritus

ERA –QRT

Former Support Council Member

NDCC-OCD

​

EMERGENCY RESCUE ASSOCIATION

SEC RN A200009936

�

IN

2025 - 2026

Presented and Discussed by:

___________________________________

Objectives : ��- To acquire the knowledge and latest understanding on disaster risk reduction, response, preparedness and mitigation ��- To appreciate the value of disaster resiliency in a context of multisectoral approach.��- To implement the best and latest technology in DPRRRM as instituted from best practices for the household, health facilities, office, schools, universities, workplaces and communities in the years past and projected systems in the coming years ahead

• The Philippines was the most disaster-prone country in the world for the past century

According to World Risk Index 2024, the Philippines ranks First [ 1 ] globally in terms of disaster risk, for the past three years in succession..right now we are still within the rankings - ranging from 1st. to 4th place (2025)

Part of the 2024 Disaster Maps of the Philippines according to PAG –ASA DOST and other response agencies

PHILIPPINES

According to an SWS Survey, there is a steady decline of emergency / disaster preparedness among Filipinos

World Risk Index - 2026

The constant risks which presents to all adds on to the lowering degree of preparedness in every individual in the community

NATURAL HAZARDS

TYPHOONS AND STORM SURGES

CLIMATIC VARIABILITIES (LA NIÑA/EL NIÑO)

FLOODS

EARTHQUAKES

TSUNAMI

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

LANDSLIDES

GROUND SUBSIDENCE

MAN-MADE HAZARDS

FIRE INCIDENTS

SEA AND AIR ACCIDENTS

OIL SPILL

CIVIL STRIFE

POLLUTION (SOLID WASTE, AIR, WATER AND THERMAL)

INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS (RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT, GAS LEAKS)

COVID 19 AND ITS VARIANTS

MONKEYPOX

CYBER SECURITY THREATS

WARS / REGIONAL CONFLICTS

The Philippine Archipelago occupies the western rim of the Pacific Ocean (Western Segment of the Pacific Ring of Fire), a most active part of the earth that is characterized by an ocean-encircling belt of active volcanoes and earthquake generators (faults).

Earthquakes occur within the Philippine Archipelago every now and then mainly because the country is situated along two major tectonic plates of the world – the PACIFIC PLATES and the EURASIAN PLATES.

Earthquakes recur…

OFFICE OF CIVILDFENSE

• July 16, 1990; intensity 8
• 1,999 dead; 3,270 injured
• P12.754B in damages

(~US$580M)

OFFICE OF CIVILDFENSE

Bohol Earthquake Data…

• 20 TYPHOONS PER YEAR
• 5 WILL BE DESTRUCTIVE

• TYPHOONS CHARACTERISTICS VARY
• EVERY YEAR IT WILL BE UNIQUE

• TYPHOONS CHARACTERISTICS VARY PER OCCURENCE
• EVERY TYPHOON WILL BE UNIQUE - DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE

• TYPHOONS BRING ABOUT MASSIVE FLOODING
• FLOOD RESCUE RESPONSE EDUCATION & TRAINING

• CONTINUED INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
• ALARM SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION

• WHAT OUR RESPONSE AGENCIES DID FOR BETTER FLOOD RESPONSE

• COLORED BANDS AS SEEN PAINTED ON ELECTRICAL POST ARE THE FLOOD GAUGES FOR MOTORISTS AND TRANSPORT VEHICLES REFERENCE

• COLORED BANDS AS SEEN PAINTED ON ELECTRICAL POST ARE THE FLOOD GAUGES FOR MOTORISTS AND TRANSPORT VEHICLES REFERENCE

• COMMUNITY FLOOD ALARM SYSTEM AND HOUSEHOLD FLOOD ALARM SYSTEM ARE LATEST TECHNOLOGIES FOR DRRM PRE-DISASTER RESPONSE

• RP VOLCANIC ACTIVITY ( CONSTANT )
• 22 POTENTIALLY ACTIVE

• 300 VOLCANOES
• DOST - PHIVOLCS

MT. MAYON

MT. PINATUBO

• CONSTANT COMMUNITY TRAINING AND AWARENESS
• ROUTINE CLEAN-UP / PRE-DISASTER PREPAREDNESS DRIVES

ACTIVITIES IN THE AREA OF TAAL, BATANGAS

THEN TAAL VOLCANO….ERUPTED

TIME TO TIME VOLCANIC ACTIVITY

ASH FALL / ASH CLOUDS

• 4^th Quarter of 1998
• 105,095 families affected
• P10.8 B in agricultural damages

(~US$605M)….to date [2024]

is slowly in the upswing

LA NIÑA

The ongoing La Niña phenomenon in the Philippines is likely to persist until last quarter of 2025, based on climate models - state weather bureau PAGASA.

EL NIÑO & LA NIÑA

PROJECTIONS CHART

M/V Maria Carmela ferry

7:30 AM April 11, 2002

Total Passengers - 347

45 Dead

88 Injured

From the period

January to March 2024, BFP said that fire-related incidents totaled 3,044, a 25 % increase from 2023 of the same period, which totalled 2,424.

risk assessments, plans, arrangements, training & exercises

disaster / emergency

situation stabilized

no longer direct threat to life/safety and property

“healing”, repair, reconstruction & recovery

mostly back to normal

hazard/risk analysis

reduce risk, vulnerability & hazard

vulnerability reduced

MITIGATION

• refers to the measures aimed at minimizing the impact of a natural or man-made disaster on a nation or community in terms of casualties and damages

• also refers to measures designed to prevent natural phenomena from causing or resulting to disasters or other related emergency situations

EMERGENCY PLANNING

CRISIS

EMERGENCY

CRISIS

Progressive sequence of events

• Build- up of instability
• growth of tension

Turning point Decision

• Change
• Continuity
• Survival

EMERGENCY

Sudden and/or

unforeseen

Event(s) or

State of Affairs

Immediate response

• Correction
• Mitigation
• Remedy

• Recovery
• Restoration

Crisis Management Model Conceptual Framework [ 4 P’s ]

Predict

Prevent

Prepare

Perform

Opn./ Active

Security

Measures

Pers. Scty

Passive Scty

Physical Security

Warning Alert

Systems

Plan

Organize

Train

Equip

Simulation

& Drills

Implement

Contingency

Plan

Initial Action

Action

Threat

Analysis

UPDATE

Adjustment

Negotiation

Tactical

Intervention

Post-Action

Post Action Feedback

• Intel
• Confluence of events
• probable targets
• vulnerabilities

Input

Prophylactic Action

EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS [EAP] IN THE NEW NORMAL

USE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS AND PREPAREDNESS IN THE NEW NORMAL

Sanitation and Disinfection

• Before evacuating, in transit and upon arrival at the evacuation site
• Recording and data encoding
• Social Distancing and Minimum Health Protocols and Standards for Evacuation.
• Latrine Management ,

Garbage Management

• Tasks Management

Health and Safety

• Evacuation Centers Must Have :
• Standby Medical Team with Resources
• Vaccination and COVID 19 Health Standards / Global Boiling Response System
• Create Health Zones
• Safety Marshalls / Ambulances / Response Vehicles on site

Key Elements of Disaster Response and Actions

• Full coordination of all levels of the community ( Regardless of Sex, Age, Affinity )
• Safeguard Protocols as instituted by the IATF and lead agencies of gov’t. are fully in place
• Post Disaster Sanitation and Disinfection Protocols and Latest System of Response are implemented and maintained.
• Global Boiling Response Systems
• COVID 19 and Emergening Health Threat Program Expansion
• Health protection, prevention and maintenance
• Health awareness and promotion

Key Elements of Disaster Response and Actions

• Integrate the use of Artificial Intelligence, Science and Technology in Disaster Preparedness and Management.
• Be included in the MMEIRS 2025 / Oplan Metro Yakal Plus Plus Update
• Intensify First Aid and Emergency and Response Trainings for Staff, Teachers, Students
• Include Town Watching Exercises for every strakeholder
• Test all emergency response / alarm systems currently in place and compare with prevailing standards or latest international updates

IKAW !...........��ANO ANG PINAGHAHANDAAN MO ?��SA NGAYON LANG BA O PATI HINAHARAP?

“A successful and practical safety and emergency preparedness and response program requires teamwork, enthusiasm, interest and cooperation. ��To make it succeed, there must be a real desire on the part of all concerned”.

THANK YOU !