K-12 Microelectronic Workshop�Arduino Programming�(2)

1 struct instructor {

2 String name = “Yi Liu”;

3 String department = “Mechanical Engineering”;

4 String university = “University of Vermont”;

5 }

Contents

• 2. First Arduino Program
• 2.1 Arduino sketch structure
• 2.2 Uploading
• 2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED
• 2.4 Debugging with Serial
• 2.5 Summary

​

2

2.1 First Arduino program

1 void setup() {

2 // put your setup code here, to run once:

3 }

4

5 void loop() {

6 // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

7 }

3

0_BasicStructure.ino

2.1 First Arduino program

1 void setup() {

2 // put your setup code here, to run once:

3 }

4

• initializes configurations
• sets pin modes
• starts serial communications
• only execute once

2.1 First Arduino program

5 void loop() {

6 // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

7 }

5

• called immediately after setup()
• runs repeatedly

2.1 First Arduino program

1. const int ledPin = 13;

2

3 void setup() {

4 pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

5 }

6

7 void loop() {

8 digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

9 }

6

1_LightUpLED.ino

2.1 First Arduino program

1 const int ledPin = 13;

7

• declare constant integer value ledPin
• assign 13 to ledPin

2.1 First Arduino program

8

4 pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

• set ledPin to OUTPUT mode

1_LightUpLED.ino

2.1 First Arduino program

pinMode(pin, mode);

9

• pin: int, the pin number you want to configure

​

• mode: the mode of operation of the pin.
• INPUT: set the pin to input mode
• OUTPUT: set the pin to output mode

​

• returns: void

Syntax:

2.1 First Arduino program

10

8 digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

• send 5V (or 3.3V on 3.3V board) to ledPin

2.1 First Arduino program

11

• pin: int, the pin number you want to write the value

​

• mode: the mode of operation of the pin.
• HIGH: set the pin to high voltage level
• LOW: set the pin to low voltage level

​

• returns: void

Syntax:

digitalWrite(pin, mode);

Contents

• 2. First Arduino Program
• 2.1 Arduino sketch structure
• 2.2 Uploading
• 2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED
• 2.4 Debugging with Serial
• 2.5 Summary

12

2.2 Uploading

• select correct board
• click verify
• click upload

13

Contents

• 2. First Arduino Program
• 2.1 Arduino sketch structure
• 2.2 Uploading
• 2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED
• 2.4 Debugging with Serial
• 2.5 Summary

14

2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED

1 const int ledPin = 13;

2

3 void setup() {

4 pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

5 }

6

7 void loop() {

8 digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

9 delay(1000);

10

11 digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);

12 delay(1000);

13. }

15

2_BlinkLED.ino

2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED

9 delay(1000);

16

• pauses the program for a specific amount of time
• in milliseconds

2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED

delay(milliseconds);

17

• milliseconds: int, time (in milliseconds) to pause
• 1000 milliseconds = 1 second

​

• returns: void

Syntax:

Contents

• 2. First Arduino Program
• 2.1 Arduino sketch structure
• 2.2 Uploading
• 2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED
• 2.4 Debugging with Serial
• 2.5 Summary

18

2.4 Debugging with Serial

• Serial Monitor can display real-time textual data from Arduino board
• is a good way to output
• variables
• parameters
• states

​

19

2.4 Debugging with Serial

1 const int ledPin = 13;

2

3 void setup() {

4 pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

5 Serial.begin(9600);

6 Serial.print(“Starting LED Blink on pin ”);

7 Serial.println(ledPin);

8 }

20

3_SerialPrint_BlinkLED.ino — setup()

2.4 Debugging with Serial

5 Serial.begin(9600);

21

• start serial communication between the Arduino board and the computer
• sets the data rate in bits per second

2.4 Debugging with Serial

22

Serial.begin(speed);

• speed: int, it refers to baud rate and defines how quickly data is sent and received between devices.
• the common value is 9600
• 115200 for large amounts of sensor data
• more options can be found in Serial Monitor after the board is connected

​

• returns: void

Syntax:

2.4 Debugging with Serial

6 Serial.print(“Starting LED Blink on pin ”);

7 Serial.println(ledPin);

23

• send data to the Serial Monitor via serial

2.4 Debugging with Serial

Serial.print(value)

Serial.println(value)

24

• value: can be any type of data
• int
• float
• long
• char
• …
• Serial.println() adds “\n” at the end
• next printed data will appear on a new line

Syntax:

2.4 Debugging with Serial

10 void loop() {

11 digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

12 Serial.println(“LED is ON”);

13 delay(1000);

14

15 digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);

16 Serial.println(“LED is OFF”);

17 delay(1000);

18 }

25

3_SerialPrint_BlinkLED.ino — loop()

Contents

• 2. First Arduino Program
• 2.1 Arduino sketch structure
• 2.2 Uploading
• 2.3 Using delay — a blinking LED
• 2.4 Debugging with Serial
• 2.5 Summary

26

2.5 Summary

pinMode(pin, mode)

digitalWrite(pin, value)

27

delay(milliseconds)

Serial.begin(speed)

Serial.print(value)

Serial.println(value)

digital I/O

time

communication

2.5 Summary

28

how to structure an Arduino script?

2.5 Summary

29

constant declarations

variable declarations

how to structure an Arduino sketch?

e.g. pins

2.5 Summary

30

constant declarations

variable declarations

​

void setup() {

initializations

}

how to structure an Arduino sketch?

e.g. pins

e.g. pin mode, serial

2.5 Summary

31

constant declarations

variable declarations

​

void setup() {

initializations

}

​

void loop() {

main logics

}

how to structure an Arduino sketch?

e.g. pins

e.g. pin mode, serial

K-12 Microelectronic Workshop�Arduino Programming

1 Serial.println(“Thank you!”);