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QUANTUM

COMPUTING

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Agenda

  • The Quantum Experiment that broke Reality
  • Quantum Computers explained
  • State of the Art

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The Quantum

Experiment

that broke

Reality

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?

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?

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WTF?!

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Is a traffic jam

a wave?

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Summary so far

  • Quantum entities are subject to wave-particle dualism

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Summary so far

  • Quantum entities are subject to wave-particle dualism
  • A quantum entity is in superposition before it is observed

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Summary so far

  • Quantum entities are subject to wave-particle dualism
  • A quantum entity is in superposition before it is observed
  • Quantum entities can be entangled

?

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Quantum Computers Explained

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What is a Qubit?

Any two-level quantum mechanical system can be used as a Qubit

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What is a Qubit?

Practical Examples:

    • Photon (Polarization of light)
    • Electron in a Quantum Dot (Spin, Charge)
    • Nucleus (Spin)
    • Ion in an Ion Trap (Energy level)
    • Topological system (Annihilation effects caused by braids in space-time due to sequences of particle exchange)
    • Superconducting Circuit (Charge, Current, Energy)

Any two-level quantum mechanical system can be used as a Qubit

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Core Principles of a Qubit

Superposition

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Entanglement

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Core Principles of a Qubit

Superposition

  • A Qubit can be in any proportions of 0 and 1 at once

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Entanglement

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Core Principles of a Qubit

Superposition

  • A Qubit can be in any proportions of 0 and 1 at once
  • 300 Qubits are in more states than there are atoms in the universe!

Entanglement

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Core Principles of a Qubit

Superposition

  • A Qubit can be in any proportions of 0 and 1 at once
  • 300 Qubits are in more states than there are atoms in the universe!

Entanglement

  • Close connection that makes each of the Qubits react to a change in the other’s state instantaneously, no matter how far they are apart

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Core Principles of a Qubit

Superposition

  • A Qubit can be in any proportions of 0 and 1 at once
  • 300 Qubits are in more states than there are atoms in the universe!

Entanglement

  • Close connection that makes each of the Qubits react to a change in the other’s state instantaneously, no matter how far they are apart
  • From measuring one Qubit one can directly deduce properties of its entangled partner

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Database Search

Classical randomized algorithm

Grover’s Search Algorithm

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Factorization

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Factorization

Current record with Shor’s algorithm: 21 factorized

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Further application areas

  • Simulation of molecules, materials, physics
  • True Randomness
  • Optimization
  • Big Data Analysis
  • Machine Learning
  • Weather Forecasting
  • Cryptography
  • Gaming
  • Financial Modeling

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But how does Quantum Computing actually work?

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But how does Quantum Computing actually work?

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Definition: A Qubit can be written as combination of the bits and :

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But how does Quantum Computing actually work?

.

Definition: A Qubit can be written as combination of the bits and :

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Example:

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But how does Quantum Computing actually work?

.

Definition: A Qubit can be written as combination of the bits and :

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Definition: An size quantum register is a quantum system with Qubits.

Example:

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But how does Quantum Computing actually work?

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Definition: A Qubit can be written as combination of the bits and :

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Definition: An size quantum register is a quantum system with Qubits.

Example:

Calculation Rules:

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Quantum Circuit Example

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Quantum Teleportation

  • Photon between La Palma and Tenerife (143 km) in 2012

Current Teleportation record:

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State

of the Art

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(Topological)

(Photonic)

(Trapped Ions)

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D-Wave Systems

  • Chip: D-Wave 2000Q
  • Release Date: January 2017
  • 2048 Qubits
  • Technology: Superconducting
  • Operating Temperature: 0.015 K
  • Buyers: Temporal Defense Systems, Google, NASA, USRA

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Google

  • Chip: Google Bristlecone
  • Release Date: March 2018
  • 72 Qubits
  • Technology: Superconducting

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Intel

  • Chip: Tangle Lake
  • Release Date: January 2018
  • 49 Qubits
  • Technology: Superconducting

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IonQ

  • IonQ can host 160 ion qubits
  • Simple quantum operations on 79 qubits
  • Full quantum operations on 11 qubits
  • Technology: Ion Trap

“IonQ’s systems are the first in the market that store information on individual atoms. They are more accurate and can perform more complex calculations than any quantum computer built to date.”

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Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

  • Strings of up to 6 ions can be stably stored at one segment pair
  • Technology: Ion Trap

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IBM

  • Chip: IBM Q 50 prototype
  • Release Date: N/A
  • 50 Qubits
  • Technology: Superconducting

Sounds of IBM Q

IBM 16-qubit processor

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IBM

  • Chip: IBM Q 50 prototype
  • Release Date: N/A
  • 50 Qubits
  • Technology: Superconducting

Sounds of IBM Q

IBM 16-qubit processor

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Conclusion

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Any Questions?

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Thank you

for your Attention!

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Sources

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Image Sources

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Contact Details

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KrystianGaus@gmail.com

https://www.xing.com/profile/Krystian_Gaus

https://www.linkedin.com/in/krystian-gaus-86aa1b15a/

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