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POST WWII

REVIEW FOR FINAL

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ALLIES BECOME ENEMIES

Yalta Conference:

  • Divide Germany into zones of occupation
  • Reparations
  • Stalin promised to allow free elections in Eastern Europe (He doesn’t)
  • Creation of the United Nations

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SUPERPOWER GOALS

United States:

  • Encourage democracy
  • Stop communism
  • Stabilize Europe
  • Reunite Germany

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Soviet Union:

  • Encourage communism
  • Rebuild its war-ravaged economy
  • Control Eastern Europe
  • Keep Germany divided

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IRON CURTAIN

  • Eastern Europe controlled by the Soviet Union as a protective buffer zone.
  • Divided Europe between East (communist) and West (democratic/capitalistic).

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CONTAINMENT

  • Containment policy – stop the spread of communism by forming alliances and supporting vulnerable nations
  • Truman Doctrine – U.S. supporting nations that resist communism.
  • Marshall Plan – financial aid to rebuild war-torn Western Europe
  • Berlin Airlift – airlifting supplies to west Berliners during 11 month blockade by the Soviet Union.

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NATO VS. WARSAW PACT

  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – Western democracies pledging mutual defense against attacks. Created in response to Soviet Aggression.
  • Warsaw Pact – Alliance between the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies. Created in response to the formation of NATO.
  • Both sides had nuclear weapons and pledged to use them if necessary (Brinkmanship)