Charles’ Law

Jacques Charles:1746-1823

• 18^th century scientist, inventor,

mathematician, professor, and balloonist

• 1787 he filled 5 balloons with different gasses and increased their temperatures to 80^oC. They all increased in volume by the same amount.
• He married a girl 37 years younger than him and outlived her and he flew hot air balloons as a hobby.

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What is Charles Law?

• Charles's law states that if a given quantity of gas is held at a constant pressure, its volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

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Directly proportional:

Volume increase 🡪 Temp increase

Temp increase 🡪 Volume increase

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Charles’ Law: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Charles Law

Charles Law equation: V₁ = V₂

T₁ T₂

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Volume (L)

Temp (K)

**Temperature must ALWAYS be in Kelvin!

Partner Share

Partner 1: What is the difference between Boyles and Charles Law?

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Partner 2: What is Kelvin? How to you convert from ⁰C to Kelvin?

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Gay-Lussac Law

Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac

Experimentalist

Limoges, France

December 6, 1778 – May 9, 1850

What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?

It states that if the volume of a container is held constant as the temperature of a gas increases, the pressure inside the container will also increase. Temperature and pressure are directly related.

Gay – Lussac’s Law

• Gay-Lussac’s equation: P₁ = P₂

T₁ T₂

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Pressure (kPa)

Temp (K)

**Temperature must ALWAYS be in Kelvin!

https://youtu.be/oIfFoiwRCVE �Watch the video to work the problem.

• A balloon takes up 625L at 0^oC. If it is heated to 80^oC, what will its new volume be?

https://youtu.be/o52BW3B4efc

• If the volume of a piston filled with gas is 4.31L at 25^oC, then what is the volume of the gas after it is heated to 50^oC, assuming the system doesn’t experience a change in pressure?

• Watch the video to work the problem. https://youtu.be/wHD-32rUHkE
• The pressure in a sealed can of gas is 235kPa when it sits at room temperature (20^oC). If the can is warmed to 48^oC, what will the new pressure inside the can be?

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• Watch the video to work the problem. https://youtu.be/lJzHzEnkXJE
• In the morning, a paintball pressure tank is at 306atm. The weather heats up over the course of the day, and by 3pm the outside temperature is roasting at 38.5^oC, and the pressure inside the tank is 324atm. What was the temperature (in degrees Celsius) in the morning?