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Safety & Injury Prevention

The Basics

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Learning Targets

  • I can explain the importance of first aid
  • I can define the 3 C’s
  • I can explain and identify the different topics of first aid/safety prevention

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HELP! EMERGENCY!

Minutes Can Make a Difference!

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First Aid

What is it???

The immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided.

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The 3 C’s of Emergency Care

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  • Check – scene, victim, immediate dangers

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  • Call - 911 or local emergency number

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  • Care – ask for permission to care for the victim, if conscious

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Shock

  • Shock may result from trauma, heat stroke, blood loss, an allergic reaction, severe infection, poisoning, severe burns or other causes. When a person is in shock, his or her organs aren't getting enough blood or oxygen. If untreated, this can lead to permanent organ damage or even death
  • What do you do?
    • Lay the person down and elevate their feet
    • Keep person still
    • Cover with blanket
    • Begin CPR if needed

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Allergic Reaction

  • Anaphylaxis-severe allergic reaction
    • Occurs with seconds/minutes
    • Epipen administration

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Wounds/Bleeding

  • #1 priority is to CONTROL bleeding
  • Know your different types of wounds

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Abrasion

  • Scrape
  • Outer layer of skin is damaged

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Laceration

  • Cut caused by a sharp object or hard blow
  • Jagged or smooth edges
  • Heavy bleeding possible

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Puncture Bleeding

  • Object pierces through the skin
  • Little external bleeding
  • Risk of infection is great

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Avulsions

  • Tissue is separated from body

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Infection

How can you prevent an infection?

  • Can develop after wound/injury to skin
  • Symptoms include:
    • Redness, swelling, pain, warmth around area
    • Pus/drainage from area
    • Fever
    • Red streaks from extended area

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Burns

•First-degree burns—Reddened, painful skin

•Second-degree burns—Blistering

•Third-degree burns—Charring, deep tissue damage

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Fractures/Sprains

  • Occurs during injury
  • Fracture- complete break
  • Sprain- ligament stretch
  • PRICE
    • P-protect the injured limb from future injury
    • R-rest injured limb
    • I-ice the area
    • C-compress the area with an elastic wrap/bandage
    • E-elevate injured limb when possible to prevent or limit swelling

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