A Preliminary Investigation of Flash Signalling and Behavioural Function in Pteroptyx valida

Group 2: Afiq, Thania and Sebastian

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Staff Supervisor: Assistant Professor Eunice Jingmei Tan, Lab Mentor: Soh Janine

SPS Mentors: Dominic Tan Hui Ning, Shrinjana Ghosh

Table of contents

01

03

02

04

Background and Motivations

Data Collection & Data Analysis

Characterisation of Flash Behaviours and Other Observations

Introduction

Results

Material & Methods

Implications, Limitations and Future Direction

Introduction and Background

01

Fireflies are bioluminescent insects

• Fireflies emit light from organs on their abdomen as larvae and adults

Firefly flashing video

P valida picture

Bioluminescence is used for communication

• Bioluminescence is used in flash patterns
• Flash patterns are species specific.
• Variance in flash patterns can communicate specific information about the calling animal.

Diagram / flowchart showing different types of uses for bioluminescence

Signals are communicated through flash parameters

Example of 2 flash w things highlighted

Fireflies are endangered due to human activity

Flash parameters of some firefly species have been found

Pteroptyx valida is at risk of going extinct

Ecological studies on P. valida can help in conservation

Research Question

What are the flash behaviours of P. valida and how can the functions of its flash behaviour be tested in the future?

How we aim to answer this question

Characterisation

E-firefly

Materials and Methods

02

Characterisation & E-Firefly Results

03

Implications, Limitations & Future Directions

04

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Introduction

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the entire Solar System. This planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal, since Mercury was named after the Roman messenger god. Despite being closer to the Sun than Venus, its temperatures aren’t as terribly hot as that planet’s. Its surface is quite similar to that of Earth's Moon, which means there are a lot of craters and plains

Speaking of craters, many of them were named after artists or authors who made significant contributions to their respective fields. Mercury takes a little more than 58 days to complete its rotation, so try to imagine how long days must be there! Since the temperatures are so extreme, albeit not as extreme as on Venus, and the solar radiation is so high, Mercury has been deemed to be non-habitable for humans

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Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System. This planet’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s hot and is the second-brightest natural object in the night sky

Mercury

Venus

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Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust

Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun

Mercury

Venus

Mars

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Jupiter is the biggest planet in the Solar System

Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System

Venus is the second planet from the Sun

Saturn is composed of hydrogen and helium

Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place

Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun

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Mars

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Saturn

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Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

Venus is the second planet from the Sun

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Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun

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Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place

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