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The Reformation

Fixing the Corruption of the Catholic Church

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Corruption in the Church

  • Indulgences- buy way out of Hell
  • Ridiculous amount of spending
  • Violence (Spanish Inquisition- violently getting rid of non-Catholics)
  • “Power Hungry” religious leaders

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Inquisition

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Scala Sancta, Rome

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Terminology

  • Good Works: get to go to Heaven by doing good things
  • Faith Alone: get to go to Heaven by having faith
  • Eucharist: bread and wine that symbolize Jesus
    • Consubstantiation: both bread & wine and Jesus at the same time
    • Transubstantiation: bread & wine transform into Jesus’ form

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Martin Luther

  • Priest
  • Went against the Catholic Church, specifically Indulgences
  • Posted a list of complaints (“95 Theses”)
  • Became the starting point for the Protestant Reformation
    • Go back to the basics of the religion
    • No more decorations
    • No more riches

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John Calvin

  • Baptism and Eucharist show God’s grace on Earth, they aren’t there to make you “worth having” God’s grace
  • Predestination: It is decided before birth whether or not you are destined to go to Heaven or Hell, so be good (just in case)

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Churches

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Henry VIII

  • King of England
  • Wanted a divorce, Pope would not allow
  • Started his own religion
    • Almost exactly the same at Catholicism, except he’s in charge (as the King of England) and divorce is okay.
    • Called Anglicanism

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Churches

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Catholic Church Fights Back

The Catholic Church would fight back, attacking heretics and excommunicating others (kicking them out).

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Not strong enough, the Protestant Reformation continues, and Protestant religions become the dominant branch of Christianity.

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Europe Now More Than Just Catholic

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