Lock Out & Tag Out (LOTO)

Introduction

Approximately 3 million workers service equipment and face the greatest risk of injury if lockout/tagout is not properly implemented. Compliance with the lockout/tagout standard (29 CFR 1910.147) prevents an estimated 120 fatalities and 50,000 injuries each year.

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Introduction

• "Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)" refers to specific practices and procedures to safeguard employees from the unexpected energization or startup of machinery and equipment, or the release of hazardous energy during service or maintenance activities.
• This requires that a designated individual turns off and disconnects the machinery or equipment from its energy source(s) before performing service or maintenance and that the authorized employee(s) either lock or tag the energy-isolating device(s) to prevent the release of hazardous energy and take steps to verify that the energy has been isolated effectively.

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The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of Lockout/Tagout Injuries

• Failure to stop equipment
• Failure to disconnect from power source
• Failure to dissipate (bleed, neutralize) residual energy

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The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of Lockout/Tagout Injuries

• Accidental restarting of equipment
• Failure to clear work areas before restarting

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Responsibilities

• Authorized Employee - one who locks out machines or equipment in order to perform the servicing or maintenance on that machine or equipment.
• Affected Employee - one whose job requires him/her to operate or use a machine or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lockout, or whose job requires him/her to work in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed.

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Definition

• Energy Isolating Device - A mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission or release of energy.
• Tagging System – identification tag provided in the valve together with the lock to identify the users of tag, the purpose, duration of activities, contact number or location, etc…
• Energy Control Procedure - Safety program adopted by the employer that includes energy control procedures plus provisions for inspecting the procedures and training employees for lockout/tagout.

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Hazardous Energy Sources Found in the Workplace

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• Electrical
• Generated
• Static
• Mechanical
• Transitional
• Rotational
• Thermal
• Machines or Equipment
• Chemical Reactions

• Potential
• Pressure
• Hydraulic
• Pneumatic
• Vacuum
• Springs
• Gravity

Types of Lockout Devices

• Plug Locks

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DW-HSE-TM024

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• Ball Valve Lockout

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Types of Lockout Devices

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• Gate Valve Lockout

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DW-HSE-TM024

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• Group Lockout Hasp

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Lockout Procedure

• Inform the operator (s) that power is being disconnected.
• Preparation for Shutdown
• Equipment Shutdown
• Equipment Isolation

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Lockout Procedure

• Application of Lockout Devices
• Control of Stored Energy
• Equipment Isolation-Verification
• Periodic Inspection of LOTO

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Removal of Lockout

• Ensure equipment is safe to operate
• Safeguard all employees
• Remove lockout/tagout devices. Except in emergencies, each device must be removed by the person who put it on.
• Last person to take off lock
• Follow checklist

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Temporarily Reactivating Equipment

• Remove unnecessary tools from the work area and make sure everyone is clear of the equipment
• Remove lockout/tagout devices and re-energize the system
• As soon as the energy is no longer needed, isolate the equipment and re-apply lockout/tagout, using the procedure.

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Special Situations

• Servicing lasts longer than one shift.
• Contractors are performing service or maintenance at your workplace
• Worker who applied lock is not available

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Summary

• Never attempt lockout/tagout procedures unless you have been trained and certified by your employer under an approved Energy Control Program.
• Never loan or share your lock, combination, or key with anybody else.
• Always be sure all lockout/tagout devices are compatible with the environment in which they will be used i.e. corrosive, humid, etc.

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