1 of 17

“MEN WANTED FOR HAZARDOUS JOURNEY. SMALL WAGES, BITTER COLD, LONG MONTHS OF COMPLETE DARKNESS, CONSTANT DANGER, SAFE RETURN DOUBTFUL. HONOR AND RECOGNITION IN CASE OF SUCCESS.”

2 of 17

What would motivate you to leave your home and embark on a dangerous journey?

3 of 17

Push Factors

  • Things in your present location that make you want to leave.
    • Social conditions (i.e. persecution)
    • Physical conditions (i.e. famine)

​

4 of 17

Pull Factors

  • Things that appeal to you in the new location.
    • Social conditions (i.e. economic opportunity)
    • Physical conditions (i.e. land)

5 of 17

Early Explorers

6 of 17

Discovering America

  • Norse (Vikings)
    • Newfoundland 1000 AD
  • Christian Crusaders
    • Europeans acquire a taste for oriental goods
  • Marco Polo
    • Tales of China 1295, led to Silk road, Europeans acquire a taste for oriental goods

​

7 of 17

Indirect Discoverers

  • Portuguese
    • Caravel and the Azores (prevailing breezes)
    • Gold and slaves
    • Bartholomeu Dias:
      • Water route to Asia
      • Rounded the tip of Africa
    • Vasco da Gama
      • India

​

8 of 17

9 of 17

Spanish Exploration

Pull Factors: Three G’s

10 of 17

Christopher Columbus

In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.

October 12, 1492

Effects?

​

​

11 of 17

Gold and silver

Corn, potatoes, pineapples, tomatoes, tobacco, beans, vanilla, chocolate

Syphillis

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

New World

Wheat, sugar, rice coffee

Horses, cows, pigs

Smallpox, measles, bubonic plague, influenza, typhus, diphtheria, scarlet fever

Gold, Slaves

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Old World

​

Africa

12 of 17

Columbus

Hero or Villan?

13 of 17

14 of 17

Others of Note…

  • Balboa
    • Crossed Panama to the Pacific Ocean
  • Magellan
    • First circumnavigation of the globe.
  • Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
  • Ponce de Leon
    • Explored Florida
  • Coronado
    • Arizona and New Mexico to Kansas, Grand Canyon and buffalo
  • Hernando de Soto
    • Gold-seeking, Florida across Mississippi River
  • Pizarro
    • Crushed the Incans of Peru

​

Map

​

15 of 17

Other Spanish Explorers

Cortez: Mexico

Don Juan de Onata: New Mexico

Cabrillo: California

​

16 of 17

In Summary:

  • GOLD
  • Interactions with Natives
    • Encomienda system: Slavery and Christianity
  • Formula for Success:
    • Enslave Natives→ exploit riches and labor

17 of 17

Group Exploration

As a group, examine the assigned Spanish explorer and his contributions to the colonization of America. Answer the following questions using your text book as well as other sources listed. When you have completed the questions, create a poster that will synthesize the most important information for your classmates.

1. Push and Pull factors

2. Goals (Why did they go? What did they hope to accomplish?)

3. Interactions with natives (Merging cultures, battles/rebellions that occurred as a result of the explorer coming.)

4. Effects (For the home country, those who settled and the Natives)

5. Specific Terms