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Christopher Columbus

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Review: Reasons for Exploration … �

  • Curiosity………….. Adventure
  • Wealth……………..Money and Power
  • Fame………………. I am famous
  • National Pride…. This is for my country
  • Religion……………Become Christians
  • Buying and selling foreign goods…how much does this cost?
  • Faster cheaper trade routes…go this way instead

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The 3 G’s

  • God
  • Gold
  • Glory

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Portuguese Exploration cont.

  • By 1471 Portuguese in control of West African trade in gold— (Gold Coast)
  • 1487- Bartolomeau Dias is the first European to reach the tip of Africa
  • The Portuguese are the first to bring slaves from Africa to Europe
  • The Portuguese also trade slaves with Africans
  • In 1489- Portugal reached India – leaders in the spice trade

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Spain

Enters the Race

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Spain

  • Queen Isabella & King Ferdinand wanted Spain to be a united, Catholic kingdom
  • Ordered all Jews & Muslims to convert or leave Spain; even Christians could be punished if they were suspected of defying the church
  • They were eager to spread Catholicism & profit from new trade routes
  • They hire Italian Explorer to sail for Spain
  • This Italian explorer will change the world forever.

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Who sailed the ocean blue in 1492?

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The Young Christopher

  • Christopher Columbus was born in 1451 in Genoa, Italy
  • As a young man Christopher enjoyed the sea.
  • He went to sea when he was still a boy and found the life of a sailor to be very exciting.

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A New Direction

  • Columbus heard stories of great wealth in Asia.
  • Columbus wanted to find a quicker route to reach the countries in the East that provided the goods desired in Europe.
  • It was for this reason that he decided to sail west hoping to reach Asia from a new direction.

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Financing the Journey

  • Columbus found it difficult to get the money for his journey
  • He persuaded King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to pay for an expedition across the Atlantic.
  • On August 3, 1492, Columbus set sail across the Atlantic with three ships.

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The Ships

  • Columbus set sail with three ships:
    • The Nina
    • The Pinta
    • The Santa Maria.

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How many days where the sailors and Columbus at sea?��

It took Columbus and the sailors thirty-six days to reach the New World by ship.

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A New World

  • On August 3, 1492, Columbus set sail across the Atlantic with three ships.
  • Columbus ended up in the islands below America, making him the first European explorer to discover the “New World.”
  • Columbus and his crew landed in the Bahamas, on an island he named San Salvador.

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A New World

  • He named the island San Salvador. It is now part of the present-day Bahamas.
  • Columbus thought he was really near India.
  • He then named the area the West Indies.
  • He named the people he met the Indians.
  • He also visited the islands of present-day Cuba and Hispaniola.

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Fame and Riches

  • Columbus was interested in gold, not the culture the native people.
  • He made three more voyages to the Americas.

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First Voyage

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Second Voyage

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Third Voyage

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Fourth Voyage

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Columbus’ Four Expeditions

1492

1493

1498

1502

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Advantages to Columbus’ Discovery

  • Thanks to the voyages made by Columbus important crops were introduced to Europe.
  • Crops such as corn, potatoes, tomatoes, lima beans, squash, peanuts, cacao, and pineapple.
  • While the new lands were introduced to European crops, such as wheat, rice, coffee, bananas, and olives.
  • Animals were also brought to the Americas: horses, cows, pigs, and chickens were all introduced. �

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The World Changes

  • The impact of Columbus’s voyages on the world was not realized until years after his death.
  • Changed the way Europeans thought of the world and their place in it.
  • Began a new era of interaction between Europe and the Americas.
  • Created conflict as countries vied to add lands to their growing empires.

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Disadvantages to Columbus’ Explorations

  • The native people of the new lands to which Columbus and his crew travelled had not previously been exposed to European diseases and many died as a result.
  • Diseases such as, measles, smallpox, and malaria devastated the indigenous American population.
  • The Europeans did not think highly of the natives and didn’t value the culture of the area.
  • They often viewed the local population as slave labour. �