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INDOGO BY LOUIS FISCHER

Theme

Mahatma Gandhi secures justice for the illiterate and exploited peasants of Champaran using civil disobedience and satyagraha.Gandhiji establishes himself as the undisputed leader of independent movement because of his ability communicate and mobilize the Indian peasantry.

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MAHATMA GANDHI

  • Indian nationalist leader Mohandas Gandhi spent his life campaigning for human rights in India. His strategy was to use a combination of passive resistance to and noncooperation with the British, who ruled India. Gandhi said his techniques were inspired by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, by American writer Henry David Thoreau, and by the teachings of Jesus Christ. In 1947 Gandhi’s pacifist efforts brought an end to British rule in India

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Quick facts�

  • Birth: Octobar,2,1869 in Pobander
  • 1888 -1891-studied law in England
  • 1906 – starts satyagraha in South Africa to protest the requirement of fingerprinting of Indian immigrants
  • 1917 –Champaran Satyagraha in Bihar
  • 1922 – Satyagraha against Rowlatt Act which deprived civil rights in India
  • 1922 – Ended campaign when his followers indulged in violence.
  • 1930 – Dandi march and broke British salt law
  • 1932 - Fast against untouchability
  • 1947 – Fasted successfully against communal riots following India’s partition
  • 1948,January,30 – assassinated by a fanatic

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Summary Champaran Satyagraha

  • Gandiji was invited by Rajkumar Shukla, to visit Champaran in December,1916
  • Comes to Champaran in April,1917
  • Visits Patna, Muzafurpur to collect information about oppression of peasants by British planters
  • Mobilizes peasants and organizes a hierarchy of leaders consisting of lawyers and social activists
  • Meets the British landlords association and the Divisional commissioner of Tirhut to sort out the issue
  • Gandhiji was asked to quit Champaran for creating unrest
  • He refuses to quit and was summoned to the court
  • Thousands of peasants conduct satyagraha in the court on the day of trial
  • Gandhiji pleads guilty, but the judge postpones verdict fearing unrest among peasantry
  • The lieutenant governor of the province drops the case against Gadhiji and appionts a commission to probe the peasant oppression
  • The commission awards partial refund of illegal tax, Satyagraha successful

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Other personalities associated with Champaran Satyagraha

  • Dr. Rajendra Prasad
  • Brij Kishor Babu
  • Maulana Mazharul Huq
  • Acharya Kripalani
  • Professor Malkani
  • Mahadev Desai
  • Narhari Parikh
  • Devadas Gandhi
  • Kasturba Gandhi

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WORDS USED IN LEGAL PROCEDUERS

  • Magistrate
  • Bail
  • Penalty
  • Deposition
  • Summons
  • Judgment
  • Trial
  • Liberty

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