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The Immune System ནད་འགོག་མ་ལག

A complex system that is responsible for distinguishing us from everything foreign to us, and for protecting us against infections and foreign substances. The immune system works to seek and kill invaders.

The immune system distinguishes “self” from �“non-self”

www.als.net/als101/glossary.asp

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In Buddhism, "non-self” refers to a doctrine that there is no unchanging, permanent soul in living beings.�

In the immune system, non-self refers to something dangerous that the immune system seeks to destroy.

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What is self? What is non-self? (in the immune system)

Self : your cells, your proteins

Non-self: viruses, some bacteria, yeast and other fungi, parasites, worms…

What about someone else’s cells?

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Two Basic Important words:� གལ་ཆེ་བ་གཉིས།

Anitgen : འགོག་ཟུངས་སྐྱེད་རྫས།
Forign response- Bacteria-Virus.

Antibody ཿ འགོག་གཟུགས།
Glycoprotein : མངར་བཅས་སྤྲི་རྫས།

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Introduction to the Immune System

The immune system defends the body against harmful invaders like germs, viruses, bacteria, and parasites.

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ལྷན་སྐྱེས་ཀྱི་ནད་འགོག་མ་ལག

ཕྱིས་འབྱུང་ནད་འགོག་མ་ལག

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Innate Immunity :

Type of innate immunity.

ལྷན་སྐྱེས་ཀྱི་ནད་འགོག་མ་ལག

Physical Barrier

Physiological Barrier

Cellular Barrier

Cytokine Barrier

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Physical Barrier- ཕྱིའི་འགོག་གཟུགས།

Physical

mocous

Git/Respiratoty

Urinogential

skin

Stratum Corneum

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Physilogical barrier

Physiological

Lysozyme – Saliva ,Tears

HCL in stomach

Cerumen-earwax

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Cellular Barrier

PMNL- Neutrophils

Macrophages

Nk cells

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Acquired Immunity : ཕྱིས་འབྱུང་ནད་འགོག་མ་ལག�

Humoral immunity

Cell mediated

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Humoral immunity

Example

B-cell

Mediated

Example

T-cell

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Lymph node རྨེན་མདུད།

T-Lymph node

Cytotoxin

T-cell Memory

Helper T cell

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B-Lymph node

Plasma cell

B-Lymphocyte

B- Memory cell

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Overview of your immune system

First line of defense: Physical barriers that viruses, bacteria must cross

Skin
Mucous membranes that line digestive, respiratory, reproductive tracts�

Second line of defense (invertebrates and vertebrates): Innate immune system (no adaptation to specific pathogens)

White blood cells including macrophages (Greek for “big eater”)
Cytokines -- hormone-like proteins that mediate inflammation

Third line of defense (vertebrates only): Adaptive immune system (adapts to defend against specific pathogens)

B cells make antibodies that vary -- can make an antibody specific for any new antigen
T cells mediate cellular responses using variable receptors

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