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Restoring forgotten Grasslands of the Southeast

SGI native seed program

Gus Rasich, Theo Witsell, Jeremy French, Marcello DeVitis, Phoebe Judge, Dwayne Estes, Layla Dunlap

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What is SGI? What’s going on with grasslands?

“Grasslands are the most threatened and least protected biome.”

(Carbutt, 2020; Suttie et al., 2005)

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What is SGI? What’s going on with grasslands?

“Grasslands are the most threatened and least protected biome.”

(Carbutt, 2020; Suttie et al., 2005)

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Ecosystem Services

  • Biodiversity
    • Home to many endangered birds and invertebrates
    • Pollinator habitat
    • Game species
    • Culturally significant food and medicinal plants
  • Carbon sinks
  • Erosion control
  • Clean water
  • Recreation

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Threats to Grasslands

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Goals of the Southeastern Native Seed Program

  • When our natural soil seed banks aren’t enough to recover a degraded grassland, native seeds are essential to restoration

  • Collection/

Production

Seed Cleaning

Research

Seed Banking

Reintroduction

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Seed Shortage

There is not enough seed supply to meet the demands of grassland restoration projects.

Some species are commercially available, but many are overlooked.

Research has shown that matching seeds and restoration sites by ecotype leads to more successful restorations.

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Seeds of Success & Plant It Forward

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SOS’ Role in Seeds of Success

Challenge 1

  • Filling the gap in the SE region
  • 63 collections as of 2023
  • Scouting & collecting seeds,

reporting population data

CONTRACTORS

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Scouting Populations

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Collection

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SGI and Plant it Forward

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Small Target Population Sizes

California population of Monolopia lanceolata

TN population of Grindelia lanceolata, covering <100 acres

Image credit: Collection team CA930D, Seeds of Success

CHALLENGES

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SolutionS

Scouting New Populations, Making Connections with Private Landowners

Photo from Best Hope Farms, Dickson TN

Army training area collection

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Working with Farmers & Private Landowners

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Future production

We must prevent genetic diversity loss in every stage of collection, share knowledge within the native seed community, and produce seed responsibly

From article: Producing native plant

materials for restoration: 10 rules to

collect and maintain genetic diversity by

Basey et. Al in Native Plants Journal:

“RULE 1. Identify sources with conditions similar

to potential restoration sites.”

“RULE 2. Collect from sites with large populations.”

“RULE 3. Leave no genetic stone unturned.”

“RULE 4. Prevent loss of viable seeds during cleaning.”

“RULE 5. Use optimal storage conditions.”

“RULE 6. Diversify seed germination conditions.”

“RULE 7. Lessen the impacts of plant maintenance.”

“RULE 8. Minimize unintended hybridization.”

“RULE 9. Vary timing of seed harvests.”

“RULE 10. Limit the number of generations during

which plants are exposed to controlled production conditions.”

Adrienne C Basey, Jeremie B Fant, Andrea T Kramer

Native Plants Journal Mar 2015, 16 (1) 37-53; DOI: 10.3368/npj.16.1.37

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Solutions

Germination studies, knowledge sharing with similar groups

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What’s Next for the SGI Native Seed Program?

Continue scouting and collecting for PIF and SOS

Focus on reaching 400 reintroductions across TN

Continue germination studies & share results

Work on bulk collection and strategies for production plots at SGI properties

Get involved!