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Small Animal

Veterinary Exam

Mrs. Lietz �Osceola High School �Agricultural Education Department

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Elements of a �Veterinary Exam

Signalment/History

General appearance

Vital Signs

Physical Exam

Body Condition Score

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Signalment/History

Complete description of the animal’s:

Species, Breed, Age, Sex, Reproductive status, �other distinguishing characteristics

Includes environment, diet, medical history, reproductive history, vaccination status and current medications

Description and history of �chief/presenting complaint

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General appearance

Symmetry – observe animal from a distance and up close before any handling

Note any asymmetry; note any difference in size or shape of extremities

Posture and gait - Watch the animal walk to exam area or kennel.

Look for limping, incoordination or unsteadiness and abnormal limb placement.

Level of consciousness – attentiveness / reaction to environment

Scored as:

‘Alert and responsive’ ‘Depressed’ ‘Uncontrolled hyper’ ‘excitability’ ‘Stupor’ ‘‘Coma’

Hydration status - Often expressed as percentage of body weight (0-15%) � Check the skin of the upper eyelid and the neck for tenting

Scored as: ‘Adequate’ ‘Marginal’ ‘Inadequate’

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Respiratory rate:

Evaluates lung health by counting breaths taken. Visually or by listening.

Count either inspirations OR expirations

Heart/Pulse rate:

Measure heart beat by using stethoscope to count beats per minute.

(left side of body)

Evaluate pulse at femoral artery.

Evaluate pulse rate, strength and quality.

pulse rate < heart rate = pulse deficit

Temperature: �Via rectal thermometer

Vital Signs

TPR:

-Temperature

-Pulse

-Respiration

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	Temperature (°F)	Pulse + Heart rate (beats/minute)	Respiratory Rate (breaths/ minute)
Human	97.8- 99	60-100	12-18
Dog	102	100-130	22
Cat	101.5	110-140	26
Rabbit	103.1	123-304	39

Small Animal Vitals Chart

Other Animal's Vitals

Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Heart Sounds

Normal:

‘Lub-Dub’

Should be a short time gap between heart sounds

Abnormal:

Arrhythmia

Murmur

Muffled heart sounds

Count every beat for 15 seconds, then multiply by 4

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�

Vital Signs

CRT:

Capillary Refill Time

Gauges blood circulation health

Measures how long it takes for skin to �return to its normal color after pressure �is applied.

Press on the gums to test on dogs (finger or toe for humans).

The gums will "blanch" white as they are pressed and become pink again when pressure is released.

Normal: < 2 seconds to come back to color

Prolonged CRT (> 2 seconds) may indicate compromised circulation due to cold, shock, cardiovascular disease, anemia or other causes

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Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Physical Exam

Head and Neck (EENT/Mouth)

Trunk and Limbs

Thorax (chest)

Abdomen

External Genitalia and Perineum

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Physical Exam

Palpate/Palpating/Palpation:

Examine with hands by pressing and feeling.

Observe any:

Masses or enlarged lymph nodes

Limb position/ proportions/ symmetry

External parasites

Skin health issues

Discharge

Bruising

Hernias

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Body Condition Score

Video Example Body Condition Score- Dog and Cat

Purina Dog Body Condition Score Chart

Purina- Basic 3 steps

Purina- Examples

Evaluate the ribs

-Palpate each rib

Evaluate the waste

-Hourglass Shape

Evaluate the abdomen

-Abdominal Tuck

Body Condition Score (BCS)

1-9 point scale

4-5 score is ideal

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Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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The End

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Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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https://vethospital.tamu.edu/hospital/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2018/01/cardiology-home-breathing.pdf

https://vettechprep.com/_pps/FHXNWXLSMEDPVZZP7334.PDF

https://www.merckvetmanual.com/multimedia/table/normal-canine-physiologic-values

Good Health Form- but need to purchase

Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Wild animal Treatment

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Pet animal Treatment

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Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Medicine

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Thermometer

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Collar

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Grooming

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Animal Food

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Diagnostics

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Medicine

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Diagnostics

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Collar

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Animal Food

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Thermometer

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Grooming

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Infographics Of Veterinary Medicine

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Thermometer

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Medicine

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Diagnostics

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Medical Supplies

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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Treatment

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

25 %

Not Treatment

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

75 %

Medical Kit

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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Animal Food

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

40%

Thermometer

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

30%

Grooming

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

10%

Medicine

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

20%

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Grooming Pet

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Pet Soap

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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4/10

2/10

Thermometer

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Animal Food

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Animal Medicines

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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Animal Food

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Groomiing

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Diagnostics

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Medical Supplies

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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	5 Lbs	10 Lbs	15 Lbs	20 Lbs
Kitten	200 Kcal	400 Kcal	600 Kcal	800 Kcal
Lean Cat	170 Kcal	280 Kcal	360 Kcal	440 Kcal
Overweight Cat	180 Kcal	240 Kcal	280 Kcal	310 Kcal
Pregnant Cat	336 Kcal	603 Kcal	851 Kcal	1091 Kcal

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60%

45%

75%

Medicines

Diagnostics

Medical Supplies

Animal Food

75%

60%

45%

75%

Animal Medicine

50%

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Animal Food

50%

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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Thermometer

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Medicine

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Diagnostics

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Medical Supplies

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

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Unit 120

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Unit 220

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Unit 250

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Unit 190

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Unit 250

Maecenas Non Laoreet Odio. Fusce Lobortis Porttitor Purus

Blood Donate

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