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An intro to the new Ensembl and custom annotation with the

Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP)

Dr Jorge Batista da Rocha

Ensembl Outreach

QMUL EBI Visit July 2026

EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus

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European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)

EMBL-EBI

Bioinformatics

Grenoble

Structural biology

Barcelona

Tissue biology and disease modelling

Hamburg

Structural biology

Heidelberg

Life sciences

Rome

Epigenetics �and neurobiology

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European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)

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Learning outcomes

  • Differentiate the types of genomic data available in Ensembl
  • Discover the list of species available via the Species Selector
  • Explore genomic and variation data in Ensembl Beta via the apps
  • Use the Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) to annotate variants
  • Describe common input formats for VEP
  • Practice different command line options for VEP
  • Understand where help and documentation is available

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Workshop structure

  1. Presentation
  2. What is the data / tool?
  3. How do we produce / process the data?
  4. Demonstration
  5. Getting the data and using the tool
  6. Exercises
  7. Try things out for yourself and go beyond the demo
  8. Remember: this is not a test!

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Materials

  • Presentation slides
  • Walk-throughs
  • Exercises and answers

[paste Ensembl Training page URL here]

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Agenda

Friday, 17th July 2026 13:00 – 15:30 (ish)

13:00 – 13:35

    • Introduction to Ensembl Beta
    • Release Types on Beta
    • Selecting genomes
    • Exploring genomic regions
    • Genes and transcripts

13:35 – 14:00

    • Install check

14:00 – 14:15

    • Hydration Break

14:15 – 14:30

    • Ensembl Variation and VEP (Brief)

14:30 – 15:20

    • Follow along: Ensembl VEP Practical
    • Wrap up and Feedback

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Health and Safety Info

  • No fire alarms tests expected today
    • If one rings we will evacuate back through entrance and assembly near car park
  • There are exit doors to our left and right
  • Toilets are on each floor, opposite reception entrance on this one
    • There are also some upstairs
  • Water is available in the kitchen and some snacks

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Introduction to Ensembl

Jorge Batista da Rocha

Ensembl Outreach

QMUL EBI Visit July 2026

EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus

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What is Ensembl?

Ensembl annotates and maps genomic features from genome sequences, and brings together information from a wide range of other databases in a single site.

AGTGCTTAATGTGGCTAGTGGCACCGGTTTGGACAGCACAGCTGTAAAATGTTCCCATCCTCACAGTAAGCTGTTACCGTTCCAGGAGATGGGACTGAATTAGAATTCAAACAAATTTTCCAGCGCTTCTGAGTTTTACCTCAGTCACATAATAAGGAATGCATCCCTGTGTAAGTGCATTTTGGTCTTCTGTTTTGCAGACTTATTTACCAAGCATTGGAGGAATATCGTAGGTAAAAATGCCTATTGGATCCAAAGAGAGGCCAACATTTTTTGAAATTTTTAAGACACGCTGCAACAAAGCAGGTATTGACAAATTTTATATAACTTTATAAATTACACCGAGAAAGTGTTTTCTAAAAAATGCTTGCTAAAAACCCAGTACGTCACAGTGTTGCTTAGAACCATAAACTGTTCCTTATGTGTGTATAAATCCAGTTAACAACATAATCATCGTTTGCAGGTTAACCACATGATAAATATAGAACGTCTAGTGGATAAAGAGGAAACTGGCCCCTTGACTAGCAGTAGGAACAATTACTAACAAATCAATTACTAAC

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Ensembl features - Data available

  • Genomes and gene builds for > 3000 species
  • Genetic variation data
  • Comparative genomics (homology tables)
  • Regulatory builds
  • More to come!

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Ensembl features - Powerful tools

  • Tools - BLAST and Ensembl VEP
  • Programmatic access via GraphQL and refget
  • Completely open-source (FTP, GitHub)

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Access scales

Whole genome

Groups

One by one

Tools and APIs

FTP

VEP

Browser

NB! - Active development

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Ensembl Beta

  • New Ensembl genome browser platform
  • Highly responsive and modern user interface
  • Browse multiple species of interest simultaneously
  • All Ensembl sites now in a single platform

  • Currently under Beta testing – we want to hear your thoughts!

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Ensembl Beta Release cycle

Integrated Release

1

1

Partial

Release

Linkage Release

  • Linked data frozen at a point in time

Data Release

  • Assemblies
  • Genesets
  • Sequences

  • Regulation data
  • Comparative genomics
  • Linked data

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Ensembl Beta Release cycle

Integrated Release

1

2

3

4

5

1

6

7

Partial

Releases

Selected Partial

3-4 Months

2 Weeks

N

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Ensembl Beta Release cycle

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Partial

Releases

2

2 Weeks

Next Integrated Release

N

Selected partial releases

3-4 Months

1

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More information

Explore all help and documentation pages, including a guide to the new Ensembl browser.

Data- and tool-specific help pages.

Find out how the data was generated or how to use the tool.

Get in touch with the Ensembl Helpdesk.

Help & documentation

Help pages

Contact form

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Demonstration

We are going to look at the Ensembl homepage, and learn how to find information about species and genome assemblies in Ensembl.

[paste Ensembl Training page URL here]

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Use the Species Selector on https://beta.ensembl.org/ to look for your favourite animal species!

Species selector

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Details in the species selector:

In the search result table:

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Details in the Species selector:

In the species page:

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Searching in the Species selector:

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Exploring genomic regions

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Gene views in the Genome Browser App

Coding exon

Intron (reverse strand)

Non-coding exon

Intron (forward strand)

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Activity 1: Using the Genome Browser app to find a gene of interest

Genome browser

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Tracks in the Genome browser app

Genes you choose to view become a Focus entity

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Tracks in the Genome browser app

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Tracks are toggleable

Configure track details

Select types of tracks

Turn track views on / off

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Feedback

The site is in active development, so we welcome your feedback!

We also gather feedback on this training - so please do take a moment to complete the feedback form on training.ensembl.org later!

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More information

Publication:

Aken BL, Ayling S, Barrell D, et al. The Ensembl gene annotation system. Database: the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation. 2016;2016. DOI:10.1093/database/baw093. PMID: 27337980; PMCID: PMC4919035.

Frankish A, Carbonell-Sala S, Diekhans M, et al. GENCODE: reference annotation for the human and mouse genomes in 2023. Nucleic Acids Res. 2023 Jan 6;51(D1):D942-D949. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac1071. PMID: 36420896; PMCID: PMC9825462.

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The Entity viewer

Learn more about a genetic feature (detailed gene, transcript and genetic variant information).

Entity viewer

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The Entity viewer - Gene view

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Genetic variation

Ensembl Outreach

Jorge Batista da Rocha

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Variant consequences

ATG

Regulatory feature

UTR

Intronic

Coding

(non-synonymous/�missense)

Coding

(synonymous)

Splice site

Upstream

UTR

Downstream

AAAAAA

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Variants in the Genome Browser

Please note - variants are not enabled in search as yet

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Variants in the Entity Viewer

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Variants in the Entity Viewer

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More information

Publication:

Hunt SE, McLaren W, Gil L, et al. Ensembl variation resources. Database: the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation. 2018 Jan;2018. DOI: 10.1093/database/bay119. PMID: 30576484; PMCID: PMC6310513.

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The Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP)

Ensembl Outreach

Ensembl Genome Browser Workshop

Jorge Batista da Rocha

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Ensembl VEP

A tool to predict and annotate the functional consequences of variants.

Variant Effect Predictor

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Ensembl VEP interfaces

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NB - VEP on Beta has limited functionality

Variant Effect Predictor

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What can you do with the VEP? - current

Variant coordinates

VCF

HGVS

Variant IDs

SPDI

Data input:

Genes, transcripts affected

Pathogenicity

Frequency data

Protein annotation

PubMed citations

VEP output:

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What can you do with the VEP? - Beta

Variant coordinates

VCF

HGVS

Variant IDs

SPDI

Data input:

Genes, transcripts affected

Pathogenicity

Frequency data

Protein annotation

PubMed citations

VEP output:

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What can you do with the VEP? - Beta

Variant coordinates

VCF

HGVS

Variant IDs

SPDI

Data input:

Genes, transcripts affected

Pathogenicity

Frequency data

Protein annotation

PubMed citations

VEP output:

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Ensembl VEP interfaces

We’ll try this today:

Use web as backup

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More information

Publications:

Hunt SE, Moore B, Amode RM, et al. Annotating and prioritizing genomic variants using the Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor - A tutorial. Human Mutation. 2022 Aug;43(8):986-997. DOI: 10.1002/humu.24298. PMID: 34816521; PMCID: PMC7613081.

McLaren W, Gil L, Hunt SE, et al. The Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor. Genome Biology. 2016 Jun;17(1):122. DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-0974-4. PMID: 27268795; PMCID: PMC4893825.

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Wrap-up

Jorge Batista da Rocha

Ensembl Outreach

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Reach out to us

/Ensembl.org

@Ensembl

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Help and documentation

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Publications

  • List of Ensembl publications:�https://www.ensembl.org/info/about/publications.html
  • Topic-specific articles mentioned throughout the workshop

Harrison PW, Amode MR, Harrison PW, Austine-Orimoloye O et al. Ensembl 2024. Nucleic Acids Research. 2024 Jan;52(D1):D891-D899. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1049. PMID: 37953337; PMCID: PMC10767893.

Yates AD, Allen J, Amode RM, et al. Ensembl Genomes 2022: an expanding genome resource for non-vertebrates. Nucleic Acids Research. 2022 Jan;50(D1):D996-D1003. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1007. PMID: 34791415; PMCID: PMC8728113.

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Acknowledgements and funding

Funded by the European Union

National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

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Training materials