�THEME: QUALITY GENERAL MANAGEMENT (TQM)�

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O. Turayev

PLAN

1.Quality general management (Tq'd) concept. 2.The concept of main aspects, the goal and principles.

3.Tq I system current to.

4. JIT system. Modern in the enterprise quality general management (Tq'd) and JIT systems current to problems 

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TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQ'D)

• Total quality management (tq'd) – this directory or organization all processes, staff and business quality permanent to improve straightening based management approach. Tq I customers needs meet, costs reduce and efficiency increase order organization each a level quality attention pays. This approach Of the 20th century second half, in particular, Japan (Dem've and Am jur like experts by) advanced and global scale wide used.

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TQ I FROM USE QUALITY AND WORK ACTIVITY TO IMPROVE HELP GIVES. �

general Quality management ('d tq), customers requirements satisfy or increased go quality and work activity to improve directed approach.

Thus, company all quality functions and processes integrated case reach you can. I have tq quality management quality improve and management like system own into received company by applied general quality event looks.

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Tq I all levels reception made and all staff involved that all quality measures into account gets.

General quality management first world war during the period work out quality guarantee methods developing. War movement often poor quality product work to directed large work to get come. It fix for quality controller product quality related of defects level minimizing for work production line included.

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First world war after, quality control make work production environment usual makes become and this dr. Edward weiss Dem've by work out theoretical Quality control (TQC) s current integration get come.

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This quality method sample based case statistics quality methods present was. Each a item check you can not place sample quality for from the test held. TQC theory work production in the process transformations final product to change get come that understanding based.

In the process changes eliminate to you can if, this last in the product high quality level get come.

Second world war after, Japanese industry work out for technical software poor quality product work out. Thus, in response Japan scientists and engineers union dr. Your quality in the process engineers to read offer do.

In the 1950's quality control Japan work out of built-in part become and organization inside all staff by reception was.

1970 year come general quality the concept discuss was. This quality control in high management working up all staff own into gets. Future ten year in Japanese many non - companies Japan seen results based quality management methods current do.

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Quality management new wave quality directed center have become quality directed strategies and technics formulation for used "Total quality management as was named.

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TQ I QUALITY PRODUCT AND SERVICES DELIVERY TO GIVE DIRECTED INITIATIVES AND PROCEDURES MANAGEMENT AS DEFINED YOU CAN. TQ I IDENTIFY A NUMBER MAIN PRINCIPLES DEFINED YOU CAN, INCLUDING:�

• Executive management - High management Tq I for main driver if, its success providing environment created should.
• Education - Staff quality methods and concept on regular in read should.

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• Buyer a focus on - Quality improvement customers needs to meet improved should.
• Decision reception make - Quality decisions measure on the basis of out done should.
• Methodology and means - related methodology and means use fit does not come events defined, be measured and consistent with answer operations provides.

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• Each always improve - Companies work production and quality improve processes permanent in get go should.
• Company culture - Company culture staff quality increase for together work ability development directed be should.
• Staff involved make - Staff quality with related problems identify and them contact in active to be calling be should.

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Tq I price

Many companies Tq I current make for term spending costs its work out from the benefits much large is that trust. However, a multiple area on studies no something avoiding with related costs have, is that quality of the problem directly and indirect costs Tq I out increase costs much large.

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American quality on specialist Phil But he who received kros, many companies "Illegal price"that called in the thing bad quality for payment was chosen wrote. Prices avoid get, reviews, unwanted (PAFOS) model determined.

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PAFOS MODEL ABOUT

• PAFOS model (English: Prevention-Appraisal-Failure Model) – this quality management and key control in the field used main model one if, enterprises and work production in the process key costs (quality cost) analysis make for apply. This model of the Armenian V. Feigenbaum in the 1950's by offer was and later Crosby, Am jur like experts by local development. PAFOS model key costs three main categories if, them management and to optimize help gives. Model the goal – these azerbaijanis error avoid get through costs reduce and general efficiency increase.

• PAFOS model main komponentlariModel following three categories based (PAFOS – Prevention, Appraisal, Failure):Prevention (Avoid get costs):�This categories key of the problem avoid to take directed costs own into gets. For example:
• Employee read and training.
• Processes design and planning (for example Iso 9001 standards in accordance).
• New technologies current to.�Advantage: This costs most effective, because they the future large losses avoid gets. For example, a dollars avoid get costs 4-10 dollars let error costs saving you can.

APPRAISAL (REVIEWS OR CHECK COSTS):

This categories product or service quality check and evaluate term spending costs. For example: Work production in the process control and tests (quality control inspection).

• Laboratory analysis and certification.
• Audit and monitoring systems.�Advantage: This costs error inthe early to determine help gives however they avoid removing less effective, because they just ""determine to directed.

FAILURE (ERROR OR EMERGENCY COSTS):

This most large and harmful categories if, error they when it comes they coming costs cover gets. Two parts is: Internal errors (work production in the process detected): Re work, waste and time loss.

• External errors (customer reach let's go): Reklamatsiyalar, back give, court work and authority‘ loss.�Problem: This costs most high if, directory the benefits of harsh reduces.

PAFOS MODEL ADVANTAGES AND QO'LLANILISHIAFZALLIKLARI:

• Key costs systemic in analysis make allows gives.
• "Optimal point" select find help gives: Avoid get costs boosts, error costs reduce.
• In the enterprise ABC (activity-based cost've) methods with together apply.
• Industry, medicine, service show in the area wide spread (for example, medikal devices work in out).

BE APPLIED:

• �Model often in the enterprise key systems reviews for used. For example, Turkey and Uzbekistan work production enterprises PAFOS model using 2014-2015 year costs analysis made case, avoid to take investment in this case the error costs 20-30% ha reduced. Model current in following steps recommended are: All costs collect and categorised divide.
• Pareto analysis through important factors identify.
• Monitoring and improve of a cycle (PDCA) apply.

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PAFOS MODEL

• PAFOS model key management "economic" approach provides and enterprises resources effective distribution help gives. Modern conditions lean it and Six Sigma methods with together apply. If you PAFOS model certain area (for example, work production or service) in the context of more like to know if you want or examples should if, additional information let!

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Against costs Tq I system design, out increase and technical service show with related. They planned and out out before out carried and the following own into take you can:

• Product requirements - Incoming materials, processes, ready products / service set features.
• Quality planning - quality, reliability, operating, work production and check plans create.
• Quality guarantee - quality system create and service show.
• Training - processes work out, preparation and storage.

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Buy make costs seller and customers by buy taken materials and services they specification have that provide for assessed. They the following own into take you can:

• Approved - reception made material agreed features in accordance check.
• Quality control - quality system on performance check.
• Sales leader reviews - buy their reviews and approved.

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Errors to convey costs internal and external failure consequences be you can. Internal arızalanma price, results quality standards ulaşamadığı and customer send before algılandığında appear is. They the following own into take you can:

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External delivery give costs product or services quality standards achieved because, but customer product taking after identifiable cases appear is. They the following own into take you can:

• Repair - Was back products or customers on the site service show.
• Warranty requirements - Product replaced or services warranty under re used.
• Complaints - client complaint the solution make with related the all work and costs.
• Return - Back things transportation, investigation make and re work.

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Your optimallashtirilgan supply your chain your your customer at the time quality product supplies give, to up less money spending supports should. Tq I this goal achieve help gives.

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System JIT ("own at the time")

System JIT (in his time)

Lesson sections:

1) work production up to system types.

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2) Tools JIT.

System JIT (in his time)

The organization of the production system types:

Ejeksiyon production:

Pull production:

System JIT (in his time)

The organization of the production system types:

System JIT (in his time)

The organization of the production system types:

System JIT (in his time)

In the system JIT each a the process him strictly set at the time continue will:

System JIT (in his time)

System JIT (in his time)

Tools JIT:

System JIT (in his time)

Single information flow system:

System JIT (in his time)

Oriented coordination work system each always most good results gives:

CONCEPT "JUST IN TIME"

• Just in Time (In his time) or JIT – this is aimed at reducing the amount of inventory that the concept of production management. According to this concept, the desired amount of necessary components and materials to the desired location and desired time.

GOALS "JUST IN TIME"

• Defects Nolinchi this purpose aimed at reducing the number of defects in production. In the production process, and even small defects should not be.
• The parts of the work zero time to install-installation time should be minimal. The production cycle of decline in production and the reduction of the set time will lead to the decline of resources.
• Nolinchi resources-processing, and collection resources, including those who are in the process of installation should be equal to zero.
• Nolinchi operations in excess of jit in the system this means that the production process does not add value to the product should be away from all the actions.
• Zero waiting time the waiting time should be equal to zero. In such a case, the accuracy of production planning and working consistently increased.

THE MAIN ELEMENTS "JUST IN TIME"

• 1. Sustainable production program. The performance of the system for Just in Time you need to create the same load for all production and assembly operations. The program required just with the change of the change should be done.
• 2. Reduce the time of the installation operation. The goal - "touch" the processing part of the installation to achieve. Thus, optimization, planning, production, operations, or change the shape of the part can be achieved by the treatment used.
• 3. To reduce the size of the party (also in production, and also to buy). Closer cooperation with suppliers for their performance at the time of this element of the system should achieve. Quick-if you need quick delivery, so should provide reliable suppliers to deliver and accurately.
• 4. The reduction of waiting time (at the time of production and delivery). Placing equipment closer to each other shorten the waiting time, the group is the application of processing technologies, processing to reduce the length of the queue, improving coordination between consecutive processes, and can be done through consistent. Delivery location closer to the building to reduce the waiting time can be done by engineers deliver.
• 5. Preventive maintenance. The rest of preventive services such work equipment or who do not work should be done in time.
• 6. "Universal" power working from use. The system includes different tools and equipment for working in their own time to teach him to manage. This allows the implementation of service operations and quality control in the workplace to the worker. Jit production team that is responsible for the results of fully competent in their work to create require.
• 7. "Zero defects"using the software. The performance of the system for Just in Time bring all the action to the marriage or drawbacks that should be eliminated because it does not provide resources for this system to eliminate them. Fulfilled employees themselves of the implementation of the programme allow you to achieve personal responsibility for the quality of the work order. Also, each employee in the jit system, the quality of work you might be impaired, if you should have the right to stop production.

ADVANTAGES "JUST IN TIME"

• 1. Reduce the cash needed to manage inventory. Back in the back the small size of "frozen" to reduce the number of financial resources allow.
• 2. Possibility of use for backup from the area previously allocated for other needs. The system reserves of raw materials in its own time, resources and stocks of finished products in production reduces. As a result, a large space that can be used for other purposes out of it.
• 3. Decrease the size of goods carried out with a decrease in demand. The purpose of the system is required to produce the product to the consumer timely. Therefore, you dramatically decrease the demand of the product, then buy goods in the amount of the jit system is minimal.
• 4. The party to reduce the size of the product. This allows you to respond faster to the needs of the market change. Due to the smaller parties in the jit system more quickly, you can add changes depending on the needs of the clients.
• 5. The reduction of defects, these costs will lead to the decline of marriage and fix it. The number of defects in manufacture for the effective performance of the system equal to zero should be timely detected. To achieve this many actions to improve the quality of the work carried out.

DISADVANTAGES "JUST IN TIME"

• 1. Arising to fix the marriage missed and the next operation to decrease. Jit also because the material also does not provide temporary reserves and resources (or they minimallashtiriladi), then it will be very difficult to restore or fix your marriage fixed in the production process. You need to stop production to fix the marriage.
• 2. Production engineers building a strong dependence on the quality of work you deliver. Suppliers generally management of the company will be outside the zone, so to work out any problems in the supply chain can cause it to stop.
• 3. Suddenly the small opportunities to meet the growing demand. The backup of the jit system ta'minlamaganligi of the finished product, for any reason additional time is required to meet the growing demand.

THE INTRODUCTION OF THE SYSTEMJUST IN TIME"

The main factors of the success of the implementation:

• The head of the organization, all levels of management support;
• Inadequate distribution of resources;
• Suppliers with long-term, trusted relationship set up;
• Change the corporate culture of the organization;
• The principles of the organization of the production process flow and change;
• Loading equipment and performance optimization;
• To reduce the number of disorders to optimize the maintenance for the equipment;
• Implementation of quality improvement programs;
• The reduction of the term of delivery and increasing their number. Small parties often the introduction of a delivery system;
• Losses of search, analysis and reduction of the introduction of the system.

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Ogabek.turayev@urdu.uz