China is self-sufficient and don’t need foreign goods
China was an agricultural economy
Also had mining and manufacturing
Port city:
Guangzhou
China exports more than it imports
Opium
Opium Wars: Great Britain vs China
Extraterritorial Rights: Foreigners not subject to Chinese law at four ports
Treaty of Nanjing
Widespread hunger increases as population exploded
Hong xiuquan
Taiping Rebellion
Taiping: Great Peace
1853 captures Nanjing and makes it the capital
Dowager Empress Cixi
Updated: Education, diplomatic and military capabilities
Her plans have mixed results
Treaty negotiations give foreigners more power
Open door policy: Open to all nation’s merchants
Guangxu
Wanted to modernize:
They were also called “the boxers”
Campaign against Dowager Empress and foreigner privilege
Multinational force defeats boxers in Beijing
Returned in spring 1906 recommending the restructure of gov’t
Japan also facing pressure from the west