JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA

CLASS VII

POLITICAL SCIENCE /CIVICS

EQUALITY

UNIT NO 9�

A SHIRT IN THE MARKET

COTTON FARMER IN KURNOOL

STEPS OF COTTON CULTIVETION

• PREPAIR THE LAND FOR COTTON CULTIVETION
• SOWING THE SEEDS
• USING FERTILISERS ATLEAST TWICE IN THE SEASON AND PESTICIDES AS PER REQUIRMENT
• COLLECTION OF COTTON BALL

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SWAPNA HAS TO SELL HER COTTON TO THE TRADER BECAUSE

1 Borrowed Rs 2500 at high interest to buy seeds Fertilizer pesticides

2. She promises to sell her cotton to that trader
3. He helps in medical emergencies
4. Even though the market price is high, the trader buys it at a merged price from the farmer.

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Financial calculation swapna

• Cotton price Rs 1500 pq 4*1500= 6000
• Repayment of borrow 3000
• 2500 + 500 interest for 4 month - 3000

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• Swapna get net Rs 3000

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• Market rate 1800 4*1800 = 7200
• Net loss of Rs 1200

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6 Spinning

mill sells the

yarn to yarn

dealers.

5. Spinning

mill spins the

cotton into

yarn.

4. Spinning

mill buys

the bales

3. Ginning mill removes

the seeds and presses

the cotton into bales

2. Ginning mill

buys the cotton

1. Trader sells the

cotton at the Kurnool

cotton market.

The Cloth Market of Erode�

1 The bi-weekly market of Erode in Tamil Nadu is one of the biggest cloth markets in the world.

2 Cloth made by weavers from all over comes here for sale. Instructions about the type of cloth to be made are given in advance.

3 Since weavers do not know the price of the cloth, they are at a loss and get a very Most hired workers are temporary and get a low salary.

putting-out system

• The weavers get yam from the merchants and supply them the cloth. The arrangement between the merchant and the weaver is termed as a putting-out system.
• It saves money of the weavers as they do not have to buy yam. Likewise, the problem of selling the cloth is also taken care of.

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Financial calculation of weavers

• Each loom cost Rs 20000 *2 =40000
• (minimum 2 looms required )
• Each loom 2 workers needed
• At least 12 hours needed
• After a month he get per month

Rs 3500

The garment exporting factory near Delhi

The garment exporting factory near Delhi�

• Garment exporting factories try to cut the cost and they get maximum work from workers at possible lowest rates

Payment of workers

• Tailoring Rs 3000
• Ironing Rs1.50 (per peace)
• Checking Rs2000
• Thread cutting and buttoning Rs1500

The Shirt in the US�

Profit

Rs 600

Storage, etc.

Rs 100

Purchase

Rs 200

Advertising Rs 300

Markets and Equality

• Foreign businessman makes huge profit in the market.
• Garment manufacturers only make moderate profit

Major looser in the market � 1 farmer� 2weaver� 3workers

• Major gainers in the market
• 1 trader
• 2merchant
• 3 exporter

Think that

• Some make huge profit, some make moderate profit.
• Nobody thinks about those who are working at the root level.
• They remain poor in spite of their hard labor.

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Home work

1 What are the demands foreign buyers makes on the garment exporters?

2 How do the garment exporters meet the conditions set by the foreign buyers?

3 Why did the trader pay swapna a low price?

4 Do you think a large cotton farmer sell their cotton?