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Practical Physical Science

Lesson 4:2 Using the Periodic Table

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Objectives

Explain how elements are arranged in the periodic table

Explain the information contained in each box in the periodic table

Explain what an isotope is

Explain how elements in the periodic table are grouped in columns

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Dmitri Mendeleev

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Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number.

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Information in the Periodic Table

Atomic Number

Symbol of Element

Element Name

Average Mass of an Atom

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Isotopes have the same number of protons.

Hydrogen-1

Protium

Hydrogen-2

Deuterium

Hydrogen-3

Tritium

Mass Number

Mass Number

Mass Number

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Atomic mass is the sum of protons + neutrons

Average Atomic Mass is an average of isotopes.

Carbon’s Average Atomic Mass = 12.011 amu

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Two Isotopes of Nitrogen

Average Atomic Mass

Atomic Number

Mass Number

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Families of Elements of the Periodic Table

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Alkali Metals Family

  • Solids at room temperature
  • Soft - cut with table knife
  • Shiny and silvery
  • React strongly with water - exploding and releasing heat

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Alkaline Earth Metals Family

  • Solids at room temperature
  • Slightly harder, soft metals
  • Shiny and silvery

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Bromine Liquid and Gas

Halogen Family members are very reactive with Alkali Metals.

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They are poisonous gases.

Iodine Solid and Gas

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Practice

Lesson 4:2 Review Questions p 105

WB 19 “Using the Periodic Table”