Martin Groch, CEO of Czechatom, a.s.

Executive summary

David SMR is a competitive technically feasible solution with potential of fast implementation and a substantial economic upside

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• Based on proven technical concepts
• Licensable
• Monetization of heat
• Bankable
• Brownfield applications at coal PPs sites

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1. Introduction

1 . 1 Executive summary

Team

Project management

Consulting

& cooperation

Leading professionals with a proven track-

-record in academia and business

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1. Introduction

1.2 Team

Market context

CO₂

Sustainable economy trend pushes to reduce emissions.

According to the IEA projection, the 2030s will be the peak decade for new capacity.

Zero emissions, stability, and sustainability can be currently reached only by nuclear power

Decentralization

allows for energy security and practical utilization of heat produced by SMRs

2. Market context

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Market context

Potential demand for SMRs in 2030s is far greater than expected global supply capabilities

35 000

potential existing locations studied

EU expects

400 GWe in

SMRs by 2050

100+

viable locations chosen, 1-8 DAVID SMRs per location

Huge growth

potential in the next decades

DAVID SMR

is price competitive to other solutions

5 % of the market

in the Conservative scenario

Demand of

up to 20 DAVID SMRs/y

Even conservative scenario suggests hundreds of applications

2. Market context

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Basic concept

• Two DAVID units 175 MWt /50MWe each
• Passively safe design
• Enhanced walk-away safety features
• Dual containment system
• 100 years life expectancy

100 MWe NPP is based on the design of existing plants

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3. DAVID SMR

3. 1 Basic concept

Basic concept

• Each block utilizes a pressurized water reactor design for electricity generation, district heating, desalination, and other applications
• DAVID SMR can be used for the combined production of heat and electricity (CHP)

• The plant generates from 50 to 400MWe, making it a carbon-free option for decommissioned coal fired power plants or heating plants

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• Some systems can be shared between reactors, further reducing costs
• The solution supports the decentralization of energy sources and increases energy security

1-8 blocks with a combined output of up to

400 MWe are perfectly suited for replacing obsolete TPPs and meeting the needs of mid-sized agglomerations

07

3. DAVID SMR

3. 1 Basic concept

Basic concept

The innovative concept leverages established PWR technology, primary research is limited

08

3. DAVID SMR
1. Basic concept

Technical specifications

PWR is a proven concept

Type of the reactor Power output

Fuel Enrichment

Coolant / Moderator —

Coolant temperatures —

Campaign length Core

Materials Technology

• Semi-Integral modular PWR
• 175 MWt per reactor
• Proven PWR type fuel
• Less than 5% Light water

287 / 322 °C

• More than 800+ days
• Hexagonal with dual regulation methods
• Proven materials of the primary circuit and its components
• To the maximum extent possible proven equipment

• Proven and globally most successful concept - pressurized (light) water reactor
• Certified materials used in nuclear industry for decades
• Capacities of existing and certified production facilities in the Czech Republic

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3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Technical specifications

• System is highly modular. This is measure of quality assurance and future-proofness
• Reactor design allows for simple and safe change of fuel. This minimizes the complexity of plant operation and downtime
• Inserted Circuit allows for apex safety by adding additional barrier between activity and the environment
• Vessel-in-vessel approach reduces exposure of Reactor Pressure Vessel from neutron flux extending its life and enabling major extension of the lifetime
• Reactor lid system opens possibilities of easy use of MOX fuels and switch to ATFs in future

Modularity and simplicity are key characteristics

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3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Technical specifications

Upper block

Pressure Vessel

RCS

Core

Internal Vessel with heat exchangers

Faster and simpler

fuel exchange and upgrade

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3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Technical specifications

RPV is the heaviest component of DAVID

SMR and is transportable by conventional means

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Diameter Height

4 070 mm

13 250 mm

Weight 202 t

Material

15Ch2NMFAA

(with inner corrosion resistant cladding)

12

3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Technical specifications

The Reactor Internal Vessel adds a new security layer, reduces the amount of active coolant, and enables easier changes of core design

1 680 mm

11 850 mm

42 t 08Ch18N10T

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Diameter Height Weight Material

13

3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Technical specifications

The Upper Block with RPV lid

includes integrated pumps

and Control Rod Drives

pPC < pIC

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^Tout ^{/ T}in

Pic

Intermediate circuit (IC) 16,2 Mpa

Primary circuit (Core) (PC) 15,7 Mpa

Secondary circuit (SC) 4,6 Mpa

284 / 269 °C

322 / 287 °C

259 / 220 °C

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3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Technical specifications

Reactor Core data

• Hexagoanal Cross-Section PWR Type Fuel
• Experience with similar fuel type available to all stakeholders of DAVID SMR
• Existing market alternatives from multiple producers
• Negotiations on fuel supply underway

Reactor Core

Diameter Height

Number of assemblies Reactivity control

Number of control rod clusters

1 480 mm

2 300 mm

19

rods, H₃BO₃ 13

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3. DAVID SMR

3.2 Technical specification

Safety

A B C D E F

A) Heat from collisions of fission debris in fuel fission and residual heat from the decay of unstable atoms.

Heat generation in A, heat transfer to B.

Ra debris in fuel.

D) Heat from intermediate circuit

B) Heat transfer from the fuel to the primary circuit.

Heat transfer from B to C. Ra debris from the fuel.

F) Conversion of the kinetic energy of the turbine´s rotor into a rotating electromagnetic field.

Electricity to the grid.

The emergence of electricity.

C) Heat from primary circuit to intermediate circuit. Overpressure barrier.

Heat transfer from C to D.

Ra debris only in primary circuit.

to the steam generator. Over- pressure barrier: pressure in intermediate circuit > pressure in primary circuit.

Heat transfer from D to E. Steam development in steam generator.

^E) Transfer of steam from the steam generator to turbine blades, rotation of the turbogenerator.

Steam flow from E to F. Conversion of linear moment of force into rotational.

Transformation of heat �to electricity is achieved �while keeping the highest �safety standard

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16

3. DAVID SMR

3.3 Safety

Application

Potential applications

• Nuclear Power Plant
• Nuclear Heating Plant
• Nuclear Hydrogen production plant
• Nuclear Desalination Station

Advantages

• Clarity of the technical solution
• Predictable permitting process
• Predictable operation
• The most flexible choice of location

The concept is ideal for central heating, hydrogen production and desalination

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5. Implementation

5. 1 Application

Green field deployment

• Predictable permitting process
• Predictable operation
• Flexible choice of location

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Brown field deployment

• Minimization of CAPEX
• Revitalization of an old plant
• Simplification of permitting and licencing
• Ideal size for renewing obsolete TPPs with an option to be modularly extended

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Status

Optimistic schedule

2018

Start of development

Commencement of project works

Conceptual design completed

Completion of basic design

Initiation of detail design

2019

2023

2025

2026

Conceptual study is available and cross-checked by independent authorities.

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Basic design stage started;

detail design is expected to be finished

in the late 2020s.

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5. Implementation

5.2 Status

Financials

→ Expected LCOE

~ 85 EUR/KWh

→ Expected CAPEX

~ 8,9 mil. EUR/MWe

Operational and investment costs of DAVID SMR are competitive, revenue potential

is superior due to the monetization of heat

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5. Implementation

5.3 Financials

The potential is for thousands of SMRs by tens of suppliers by the 2040s;

The financial model was verified by the University of Economics.