In this lesson, you are expected to use degrees of adjectives in making comparisons (positive, comparative, superlative)
Adjectives are words that describe persons, places, things, animals, and events. They tell something about a noun. Adjectives have three degrees of comparison. These are the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees.
The positive degree signifies quality. It talks about only one thing and it is not being compared with another.
The comparative degree signifies quality in greater or less degree. Two things are being compared.
The superlative degree signifies quality in the greatest or least degree. Three or more items are being compared
Read and study the conversation below, then answer the following questions.
Billy: Jenny, look at this plant. It is big.
Jenny: Yes, Billy. It is big. Now, look at this plant.
It is bigger than your plant.
Billy: Oh, I agree with you. Take a look at that plant
in the rectangular pot.
(pointing to the plant in the corner).
Jenny: That plant is the biggest
among the three.
Learning Task 1:
Write the comparative and superlative degree of each adjective below.
Write your answers in your notebook.
1. big ______________ _______________
2. sweet ______________ _______________
3. thick ______________ _______________
Learning Task 1:
Write the comparative and superlative degree of each adjective below.
Write your answers in your notebook.
1. big ______________ _______________
2. sweet ______________ _______________
3. thick ______________ _______________
bigger biggest
sweeter sweetest
thicker thickest
When Adjectives change in form to show comparison, they are called the degrees of comparison.
The degrees of comparison are classified into positive, comparative, and superlative.
Read the sentences that talk about the persons and things in each picture.
M
J
T
Positive Degree
An adjective is said to be of a positive degree when there is no comparison.
M
Marie is young.
Comparative Degree
An adjective is said to be in the comparative degree when it is used to compare two nouns or pronouns we add-er at the end of the word. The word than is placed after the adjective.
Example:
We are comparing two girls, Jena and Marie.
We put the word than after the adjective.
Jena is younger than Marie.
M
J
Superlative Degree
An adjective is in superlative degree when it is used to compare more than two nouns or pronouns. The word “the“ is placed before the superlative degrees and add -est to nouns or pronouns.
We are comparing Tina to the other two girls, Jena and Marie.
We are comparing 3 persons.
The adjective that we used is the word “youngest”.
The word “the” is placed before the superlative degrees
M
J
T
Tina is the youngest among the three.
Forming the Comparison of Adjectives
Forming the Comparison of Adjectives
| Comparative Degree |
One-syllable adjectives | Add –er to the positive degree Examples: weak-weaker near-nearer |
Superlative Degree |
Add –est to the positive degree Examples: weak-weakest near-nearest |
Forming the Comparison of Adjectives
| Comparative Degree |
Adjectives ending in y | Change y to i and add –er to the positive degree Examples: dirty-dirtier pretty– prettier |
Superlative Degree |
Change y to i and add –est to the positive degree Examples: dirty-dirtiest pretty– prettiest |
Forming the Comparison of Adjectives
| Comparative Degree |
Adjectives ending in e | Drop e and add –er to the positive degree Examples: safe–safer large-larger |
Superlative Degree |
Drop e and add –est to the positive degree Examples: safe-safest large-largest |
Forming the Comparison of Adjectives
| Comparative Degree |
Multi-syllable adjectives or more Adjectives ending in –ful or –les | Add more or less to the positive degree
Examples: Afraid– more/ less afraid Silent– more/ less silent talented– more/ less talented |
Superlative Degree |
Add most or least to the positive degree Examples: Afraid– most/ least afraid Silent– most/ least silent talented– most/ least talented |
Some adjectives are irregularly compared.
Positive Degree | Comparative Degree | Superlative Degree |
good | better | best |
bad | worse | worst |
ill | worse | worst |
many | more | most |
much | more | most |
little | less | least |
less | lesser | least |
Remember:
Some one-syllable adjectives with a single vowel before the consonant, form their comparative and superlative degree by doubling the last letter before adding –er for the comparative and –est for the superlative degree.
Examples:
mad– madder– maddest big– bigger– biggest
Sad– sadder– saddest fat– fatter– fattest
The word than is often used with comparative adjectives. Example:
My jacket is thicker than your jacket.
The word before an adjective signifies a superlative degree.
Example:
She is the cutest among the three.
Learning Task 2:
Choose the correct form of adjective for each sentence. Write your answers in your notebook.
2. Tarsier remains the (small, smaller, smallest) primate in the Philippines.
3. My uncle is the (rich, richer, richest) man in our town.
4. Today’s weather is (cloudy, cloudier, cloudiest) than yesterday.
5. The sound of the chirping birds is (pleasant, more pleasant, most pleasant) than the sound of crickets.
Learning Task 2:
Choose the correct form of adjective for each sentence. Write your answers in your notebook.
2. Tarsier remains the (small, smaller, smallest) primate in the Philippines.
3. My uncle is the (rich, richer, richest) man in our town.
4. Today’s weather is (cloudy, cloudier, cloudiest) than yesterday.
5. The sound of the chirping birds is (pleasant, more pleasant, most pleasant) than the sound of crickets.
Learning Task 3:
Complete the story by supplying each blank with the correct form of the given adjectives. Write your answers in your notebook.
One sunny day, the Galvez family went on a picnic near the river. Sammy, the ________(young) among the three children of Mr. and Mrs. Galvez, saw a flock of ducks along the river. “Ate Liza, look at the yellow duck. It is fat,” Sammy, said. “Yes, Sammy. Take a look at the black duck. It is ______ (fat) than the yellow duck,” Liza said with excitement.
As soon as the table is ready, they began eating the lunch that Mrs. Galvez prepared. “Mother, this is the ________ (delicious) adobo I have ever tasted!” Harold exclaimed. The children swam in the river. “The water from this river is _______ (cold) than the water from our faucet, “Liza said to her brothers. They enjoyed swimming and playing the whole day. For the children, it was the _______ (good) day ever.
Learning Task 3:
Complete the story by supplying each blank with the correct form of the given adjectives. Write your answers in your notebook.
One sunny day, the Galvez family went on a picnic near the river. Sammy, the __________(young) among the three children of Mr. and Mrs. Galvez, saw a flock of ducks along the river. “Ate Liza, look at the yellow duck. It is fat,” Sammy, said. “Yes, Sammy. Take a look at the black duck. It is ______ (fat) than the yellow duck,” Liza said with excitement.
As soon as the table is ready, they began eating the lunch that Mrs. Galvez prepared. “Mother, this is the ______________ (delicious) adobo I have ever tasted!” Harold exclaimed. The children swam in the river. “The water from this river is _______ (cold) than the water from our faucet, “Liza said to her brothers. They enjoyed swimming and playing the whole day. For the children, it was the _______ (good) day ever.
youngest
fattest
most delicious
colder
best
Learning Task 4:
Write sentences in the comparative and superlative degrees of the underlined adjectives. Write your answers in your notebook.
Comparative Degree:
Superlative Degree:
The lollipop that I bought is sweeter than sugar.
The lollipop that I bought is the sweetest.
2. The pillow is light.
Comparative Degree:
Superlative Degree:
The pillow is lighter than the blanket.
The pillow is the lightest among the things on my bed.
3. My cousin is friendly.
Comparative Degree:
Superlative Degree:
My cousin is friendlier than my sister.
My cousin is the friendliest in the family.
4. That car is expensive.
Comparative Degree:
Superlative Degree:
That car is more expensive than my car.
That car is the most expensive in his collection.
5. Our house is simple.
Comparative Degree:
Superlative Degree:
Our house is simpler than your house.
Our house is the simplest in our town.
Source:
PIVOT 4A CALABARZON
ENGLISH 3 QUARTER 4 MODULE