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Alexander Güldner¹, Nico Bau¹, Michael Gerz¹, Franziska Kollmann¹, Olivier Meyer², Christian Persie¹, Magdalena Dechand¹

¹Fraunhofer FKIE, Germany, ²Airbus Defence and Space, France

Enhancing Operational Effectiveness through Capturing and Exchanging Capability Information between C2IS

29th ICCRTS, London

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Agenda

MIP Information Model (MIM)
Operational Capabilities in the MIM
A Redesign of Taxonomies
Conclusion / Outlook

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What is MIP/MIM?�

MIP (Multilateral Interoperability Programme)

International standardisation body comprising 24 nations, NATO, and the European Defence Agency
Its main goal is to enable seamless communication between heterogenous C2IS from different nations

MIM (MIP Information Model)

UML-based semantic reference model standardises how information is exchanged and interpreted in the C2 domain

Essential for multinational operations, ensuring partners interpret and share information consistently
Communities of Interest (COIs) can adopt the MIM for developing interoperability specifications for their processes

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What constitutes the MIM?

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UML Class Model

Constraints

Free-Text Documentation

Meta Model

Class Diagrams

Examples

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An Overview of MIM Concepts

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Capabilities in the MIM

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Capabilities in the MIM

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Issues Identified in the Current MIM Structure

1. Overgeneralisation

Capabilities can be applied too broadly (e.g., assigning “MaximumAltitude” to a ground vehicle)

2. Structural Issues

Flat lists of concepts (e.g. OperationalCapability includes 93 operational literals)

3. Object Attributes Representing Capabilities

Many capabilities are tied to specific objects (e.g. Harbour class: over 80% of attributes are capabilities, creating unnecessary overlap and complexity)
The Capability taxonomy is explicitly excluded from current MIP specifications!

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Re-Classification of Battle Space Object Attributes��

Out of a total of all 729 BSO attributes, 174 attributes have identified as capabilities

27 attributes are still under consideration for their potential classification as capabilities

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Symmetry-Driven vs. Function-Driven Approach��

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SYMMETRY-DRIVEN

Object-Centric
Precise for individual objects

Redundant across objects
Difficult to adapt to new needs

FUNCTION-DRIVEN

Role-centric
Scalable / Adaptable
Multi-object capabilities

Lacks object-level granularity
Needs careful mapping to ensure relevance

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Use Cases

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Real-time visualisation of assets and resources for decision making, helping commanders assess potential threats and support.

Situation Assessment

Detailed resource information, including unit types, equipment, limitations, and operational readiness. Useful for planning and logistics.

Capability Sheets

Mission planning based on desired outcomes and required capabilities, ensuring the right combination of resources for mission success.

Capability-Based Planning

Analysis of terrain, weather, and threats to determine the safest and most efficient movement routes for forces and resources.

Optimal Route Research

Evaluation of harbour capabilities for large-scale transport, including docking, cargo handling, security, and accessibility for operational planning.

Harbour Facility Selection

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