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The Arizona STEM Acceleration Project

Old Ship Design

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Old Ship Design

A 4^th grade STEM Lesson

Norlene Alsado

01/23/2023

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Notes for teachers

This lesson takes place in a classroom for 90 minutes (1 ½ hours).
Students will be grouped into 4-5 small groups.
The output of the lesson is to engineer a ship out of the pieces of wood.
Critical thinking, creativity and logical thinking are needed and encouraged.
Let the students appreciate the people who make ships/boats.

List of Materials

Ship Materials:

(https://www.amazon.com/Rolife-Wooden-Puzzle-Building-Sailing/dp/B088D4FNYT/ref=sr_1_3?keywords=wooden+sailing+ship+models+kits+to+build+for+adults&qid=1677093792&s=toys-and-games&sprefix=wooden+ship%2Ctoys-and-games%2C167&sr=1-3)

Cardboard
Glue
Ruler
Strips of paper
Kids Scissors
Story: “Stormalong” by Mary Pope Osborne (Journeys Student Book Grade 4)

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Arizona Science Standards

Science Standards:

4.E1U1.8 Construct and support an evidence-based argument about the availability of water and its impact on life.

5.P1U1.1 Analyze and interpret data to explain that matter of any type can be subdivided into particles too small to see and, in a closed system, if properties change or chemical reactions occur, the amount of matter stays the same.

Science and Engineering Practices

ask questions and define problems
develop and use models
plan and carry out investigations
analyze and interpret data
use mathematical and computational thinking
construct explanations and design solutions
engage in argument from evidence
obtain, evaluate and communicate information

Arizona ELA Standards

4.RL.3 Describe in depth a character, setting, or event in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text (e.g., a character’s thoughts, words, or actions).

4.RL.4 Determine the meaning of words, phrases, and figurative language found in stories, poetry, myths, and traditional literature from different cultures, including those that allude to significant characters.

4.RL. 6 Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first-and third-person narrations

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Objectives:

At the end of a 90-minute lesson the students will be able to:

a. identify bodies of water, its availability, and its importance to life;

b. describe a character using their thoughts, words and actions;

c. identify and give the meaning of figurative language (hyperbole); and

d. assemble pieces, design, and engineer a miniature ship.

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Agenda (90 minutes)

What are the different water sources? What is the importance of water in life?
Stormalong
Engineering a miniature ship (small group)
Group presentation
Individual Activity
Assessment (centers)

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What can you say about the picture?

Source:

https://www.google.com/search?q=ship&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiks5-mgqr9AhWhOkQIHeIzByUQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=ship&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIHCAAQsQMQQzIHCAAQsQMQQzIKCAAQsQMQgwEQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIECAAQQzIICAAQgAQQsQMyCAgAEIAEELEDMgoIABCxAxCDARBDOggIABCxAxCDAToFCAAQgARQ_gxY4xBg5hNoAHAAeACAAWWIAawDkgEDNC4xmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=toH2Y6SAMqH1kPIP4uecqAI&bih=746&biw=1536&rlz=1C1YTUH_enPH1015PH1015#imgrc=V8ZvyPD3jfFECM

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Ship Captain

Source:

https://www.google.com/search?q=seafarer&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjHr-23gqr9AhWXM0QIHemLCuoQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=sea+fairer&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgkIABCABBAKEBgyCQgAEIAEEAoQGDIJCAAQgAQQChAYMgkIABCABBAKEBg6BwgAELEDEEM6CAgAEIAEELEDOgoIABCxAxCDARBDOgQIABBDOgUIABCABDoLCAAQgAQQsQMQgwE6BggAEAgQHlCfBljeOGDnSWgGcAB4AIABV4gB8QeSAQIxM5gBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=24H2Y4fWLZfnkPIP6Zeq0A4&bih=746&biw=1536&rlz=1C1YTUH_enPH1015PH1015#imgrc=Bd14vyvgEBZHlM

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Ocean

The ocean is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of Earth and contains 97% of Earth's water.

An ocean can also refer to any of the large bodies of water into which the world ocean is conventionally divided.

Separate names are used to identify five different areas of the ocean:

Pacific (the largest),
Atlantic,
Indian,
Antarctic/Southern, and
Arctic (the smallest).

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Ocean

The ocean is the principal component of Earth’s hydrosphere, and therefore integral to life on Earth. Acting as a huge heat reservoir, the ocean influences climate and weather patterns, the carbon cycle, and the water cycle.

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Impact of Oceans on Human Life

Healthy oceans and seas are essential to human existence and life on Earth. They cover 70 per cent of the planet and provide food, energy, and water. The ocean absorbs around one quarter of the world's annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, thereby mitigating climate change and alleviating its impacts.

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Impact of Oceans on Ships

The main transport mode for global trade is ocean shipping: around 90% of traded goods are carried over the waves. Maritime transport forms part of a whole cluster of economic activities that can create economic value. This comes with opportunities and challenges.

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Look!

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Ship

Note to Teachers:

Tell students the importance of ship long before and today.

Use this information below; (You can modify)

ship, any large floating vessel capable of crossing open waters, as opposed to a boat, which is generally a smaller craft. The term formerly was applied to sailing vessels having three or more masts; in modern times it usually denotes a vessel of more than 500 tons of displacement. Submersible ships are generally called boats regardless of their size.

The design of ships employs many technologies and branches of engineering that also are found ashore, but the imperatives of effective and safe operation at sea require oversight from a unique discipline. That discipline is properly called marine engineering, but the term naval architecture is familiarly used in the same sense. In this section the latter term is used to denote the hydrostatic and aesthetic aspects of marine engineering.

The basis of naval architecture is found in Archimedes’ principle, which states that the weight of a statically floating body must equal the weight of the volume of water that it displaces. This law of buoyancy determines not only the draft at which a vessel will float but also the angles that it will assume when in equilibrium with the water.

A ship may be designed to carry a specified weight of cargo, plus such necessary supplies as fuel, lubricating oil, crew, and the crew’s life support). These combine to form a total known as deadweight. To deadweight must be added the weight of the ship’s structure, propulsion machinery, hull engineering (nonpropulsive machinery), and outfit (fixed items having to do with crew life support). These categories of weight are known collectively as lightship weight. The sum of deadweight and lightship weight is displacement—that is, the weight that must be equaled by the weight of displaced water if the ship is to float. Of course, the volume of water displaced by a ship is a function of the size of that ship, but in turn the weight of water that is to be matched by displacement is also a function of the ship’s size. The early stages of ship design, therefore, are a struggle to predict the size of the ship that the sum of all weights will require. The naval architect’s resources include experience-based formulas that provide approximate values for making such predictions. Subsequent refinements usually produce accurate predictions of the ship’s draft—that is, the depth of water in which the finished ship will float.

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Read Aloud

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Group Activity

Understanding Characters

Stormalong is a tale about a larger-than-life sailor nicknamed “Stormy.” Like people in real life, every story character is unique. To figure out what a character is like, look for text evidence about what he or she thinks, says, and does.

Paying attention to what Stormy thinks, says, and does will help you understand what he is like and what his relationships with other characters are like. With your group, fill out the chart below.

Thoughts	Words	Actions

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Point of View

Point of View is the standpoint from which a text is written. Remember that most stories are written in first-person or third-person point of view.

In first-person point of view, a story character is the narrator. The narrator uses the words, I, me, and my.
In third-person point of view, an outside observer is the narrator. The narrator uses the words he, she, and they to tell about characters. A third-person narrator knows what all the characters are thinking.

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Hyperbole

Hyperbole is a device authors use to “stretch the truth” or exaggerate characters’ actions and abilities. Writers of tall tales use hyperbole to make characters seem larger than life. For example, the author compares Stormy’s voice to a foghorn, a device that makes a loud noise to warn sailors of approaching land.

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Instructions

In a group 4-5, engineer a ship given by the teacher in just 20 minutes.

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Rubrics

Appropriate design - 10 points

Following the instruction - 15 points

Neatness and Cleanliness - 10 points

Over-all appearance - 15 points

Total = 50 points

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Differentiation

Provide notes to students who may not be able to follow along with the presentation.

Select simpler building kits for students who may need more time to construct the model.

Remediation

Extension/Enrichment

Allow students to create a model boat that can actually float/sail.