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SKILL:�A source's limitations
Benito Mussolini, Facsist leader of Italy
7.6�Video #2�F. GOV
Explain the causes and consequences of World War II.
Hirohito
emperor of Japan
What we will learn:
Analyze the causes of the WWII by specifically looking at the rise of imperialist interests of totalitarian states; Italy & Japan
We will be analyzing a political cartoon and the possibility of argumentative limitations from the artist and their work
What we will do:
Overview: Causes of WWII
Page # 507
Overview: Causes of WWII
Unfair Treaty of Versailles
Weimar Republic suffers, unable to recover financially
The Great Depression
Hyperinflation in Germany
Rise of totalitarianism
USSR: Stalin�Germany: Hitler�Italy: Mussolini �Japan: Tojo�
More Imperialism
Italy→ Africa�Germany → Europe�Japan → Pacific
World War II
Review: Territory Lost → WWI
Soviet Union:�Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, 1918
Nazi Germany:�Treaty of Versailles, 1919
Hitler wants land back: �Poland, czechoslovakia, Austria
Stalin wants land back: �Poland & Ukraine
Key Words: �Lebensraum
The German policies and practices of creating colonies in areas of Poland, czechoslovakia, Austria.
�Translation = �‘Living Space’
“GERMANY SHALL NEVER BE ENCIRCLED”
Fascist Italy’s Imperial Grab
NEW ROMAN EMPIRE�
Benito Mussolini
Ethiopia
Second Italo-Ethiopian War�1935-37
King Halie Selassie�*1941, he takes it back from Italy!
- Ethiopia�- Balkan expansion �- Southern France�- Albania�- Parts of Greece�- Libya
Japanese Aggressive Imperialism
Expansion �1930-1941
Manchuria
Korea
China
Vietnam
Second Sino-Japanese War
1937–1945
Military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan
ROAD TO �WWII
10/1935: 2nd Italo-Abyssinian War
11/1936: Anti-Communism Pact (Japan-Germany)
7/1937: 2nd Sino-Japanese War
12/1937: ‘Rape of Nanking’ begins
3/1938: Anchluss: Nazi Germany with Austria
9/1938: Munich Agreement
5/1939: Pact of Steel→ Italy & Germany
‘38-’39: German annex Sudetenland & Czech.
8/1939: Non Aggression Pact→ Germany USSR
9/1939: Germany invades Poland
W
W
II
U.S.S.R.
England:�Here’s your Munich Agreement. Enjoy!
APPEASEMENT
Let’s Practice: Political Cartoon, “Rendezvous”
- English Cartoonist:�David Low
- Created a few weeks into WWII
- September 1939
Poland
Describe what the cartoon represents and explain the cartoonist perspective on the political situation. Discuss the sources limitations.
Let’s Practice
Identify: Two dictators ‘sharing’ or imperializing Poland, by David Low, 1939.
Describe: Hitler/Stalin, greet each other over the dead body of Poland in 1939.
Explain: This is a political cartoon which contains a satirical view of both Hitler/Stalin. Although they agreed on exploiting Poland as seen as dead body, they could not disguise their hatred from each other.
Limitations:A limitation is that Hitler/Stalin are caricature and mocked which oversimplifies complex historical events.
Ask yourself the following questions:
1. Why does HIPP matter? Which one may matter most?
2. How can a historian use this source to build an argument?
3.What does the source NOT tell you?
4.Are there limits to HIPP? Is there a HIPPO that would not work?
TAKEAWAYS
Learning Objective:
Limitations
1. The source has limits
2. Be sure find a ‘limit’ via HIPP
3. This can work as complexity too!
1. Aggressive nature of totalitarian states in the 1930s; Italy, Japan, and Germany.
Bonus Viseo
Appease