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Biology

Chapter 2

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environment

Natural

history

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Ecology

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Biosphere

Earth

living

Lithosphere

Hydrosphere

Atmosphere

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Abiotic

nonliving

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Abiotic

nonliving

Biotic

living

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relationships

Organism

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Population

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Biological

community

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Ecosystem

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terrestrial

aquatic

Biosphere

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Terrestrial ecosystems

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Aquatic ecosystems (freshwater)

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Aquatic ecosystems (salt water)

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Aquatic ecosystems - estuaries

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populations

communities

between

physical

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Habitat

Niche

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Niche

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Niche

  • An example could also be predators, like cougars, who will often eat weakened or diseased animals.

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Predators

Prey

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Symbiosis

Mutualism

both

benefit

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Mutualism

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Commensalism

one

harmed

benefited

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Commensalism

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Commensalism

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Commensalism

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Commensalism

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Commensalism

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Parasitism

benefit

expense

host

Brood

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Parasitism

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Autotrophs

producers

photosynthesis

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Heterotrophs

consumers

Herbivores

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Heterotrophs

consumers

Herbivores

Carnivores

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Heterotrophs

consumers

Herbivores

Carnivores

Omnivores

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Scavengers

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Scavengers

Decomposers

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Food

chain

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Trophic

levels

1st order

2nd order

3rd order

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Food

web

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Ecological

pyramid

10%

lost

gained *

Biomass

* �1st law of �thermo-dynamics

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created

destroyed *

recycled

Water

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Carbon

Photosynthesis

CO2

+ H2O

Light energy

C6H12O6

+ O2

Carbon dioxide

+ Water

Light energy

Glucose (sugar)

+ Oxygen

Autotrophs

growth

energy

Heterotrophs

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carbon

dioxide

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Nitrogen

gas

compounds

gas

bacteria

fertilizers

Plants

Herbivores

Urine

(ammonia and nitrates)

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Phosphorous

growth

development

Short

Plants

Animals

die

returned

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Long

incorporated

rock

exposed

erodes

environment