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Teaching Media Literacy through Primary Sources from WAMS

By Leanne Ellis: LEllis3@schools.nyc.gov

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WITH THANKS TO OUR GENEROUS SUPPORTERS

Major Support for Women & the American Story provided by

Curriculum website and learning experience made possible through a grant from

Curriculum and the WAMS Ambassadors Program is supported as part of the Dutch Culture USA program by the Consulate General of the Netherlands in New York.

This work is also sponsored in part by the Library of Congress Teaching with Primary Sources Eastern Region Program, coordinated by Waynesburg University.

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Group Norms

  • Treat all participants with respect.
  • Take turns speaking and listening.
  • Approach new content with an open mind.
  • Ask clarifying and open-ended questions.
  • Suspend status; everyone is an equal partner in a mutual quest to learn.

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AGENDA

  • Intro to WAMS (3 minutes) Click QR code for attendance or this link
  • Historical Inquiry (7 minutes)
  • Exploring WAMS Resources through a Jigsaw on Jamboard (10 minutes)
  • WAMS Curriculum Exploration (10 minutes)
  • Why Media Literacy? (3 minutes)
  • Introduction to Constructivist Media Decoding (CMD) (2 minutes)
  • Applying CMD to WAMS Resources (5 minutes)
  • Next Steps/Questions (5 minutes)

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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

  • How can media literacy skills help students critically analyze historical events and perspectives?
  • How does the inquiry process build student engagement and understanding of historical content and context?

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Historical Inquiry of a Painting

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  • How does the inquiry process build student engagement and understanding of historical content and context?

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Historical Inquiry

Step 1: Observe

What do you see?

Step 2: Interpret

What do these details mean?

Step 3: Infer

What can we conclude?

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What do you see?

Who are these people? Where is this? What details make you say this?

What conclusions does the artist want us to understand about this moment in history?

What techniques communicate this message?

How and why might different people interpret this differently?

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What media skills were highlighted in this activity?

  • Author’s purpose
  • Credibility/Accuracy
  • Bias
  • Multiple Perspectives
  • Evaluating Claims
  • Evaluating Evidence
  • Evaluating Effects/Impact

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Historical Inquiry Media Literacy Activity: Choose a resource to examine and answer the questions on Jamboard. Type in this link: https://bit.ly/3Kkj3S5 or use the QR code.

Life Story: Loreta Janeta Velázquez (1842–ca. 1897)

Soldier and Spy

“All Bound Up Together”

A video reenactment of a speech given by Black activist Frances Ellen Watkins Harper at the Eleventh National Women’s Rights Convention in 1866.

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What media skills were highlighted in this activity?

  • Author’s purpose
  • Credibility/Accuracy
  • Bias
  • Multiple Perspectives
  • Evaluating Claims
  • Evaluating Evidence
  • Evaluating Effects/Impact

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You can’t be what you can’t see.

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Ten Chronological Units

  • Early Encounters, 1492-1734
  • Settler Colonialism and the Revolution, 1692-1783
  • Building a New Nation, 1776-1831
  • Expansions and Inequalities, 1820-1869
  • A Nation Divided, 1832-1877
  • Industry and Empire, 1866-1904
  • Modernizing America, 1889-1920
  • Confidence and Crises, 1920-1948
  • Growth and Turmoil, 1948-1977
  • End of the Twentieth Century, 1977-2001

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EACH UNIT INCLUDES…

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RESOURCES: IMAGES

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RESOURCES: DOCUMENTS

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LIFE STORIES

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CLASSROOM APPLICATIONS

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STEM INTEGRATION RESOURCES

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ART ACTIVITIES

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CLASSROOM-READY VIDEOS

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Take five minutes to explore the WAMS curriculum

Select a notable resource that your students would respond to from the A Nation Divided unit. Share out to the person sitting next to you.

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What is Media Literacy? Why is it important?

Education “must involve helping students to understand how each media form has its own unique language of construction and its own biases. And it must help young people to reflect on the role that their own biases play in determining what they believe to be true. ..Authentic democracy requires us to habitually ask critical questions about all media messages and continually reflect on our own biases.”

-Sperry and Schiebe, Teaching Students to Decode the World, 2022

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BUT HOW !?!?!?!?!?

The answer is still inquiry.

…So what’s changed?

…The world that we live in!

…The tools we use,

…The information we consume,

…The questions we ask

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Knowledge isn’t enough

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Confirmation Bias

“The tendency to seek out, validate, and share information and sources that align with one’s views and dismiss arguments and sources that present opposing viewpoints.” (Sperry and Schiebe 2022)

“By repurposing all types of media messages for critical analysis, we can teach students to have agency in their thinking and actions.”

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Media literacy means decoding messages by asking key questions about their purpose and techniques, and evaluating the value and utility of such messages by making informed, reasoned judgments.

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Components of Critical Thinking

  • Asking questions
  • Being inherently skeptical - question validity of statements, looking for evidence and motives behind claims
  • Valuing logical reasoning - being able to distinguish between facts, opinions and claims; knowing facts matter and conclusions must be supported by evidence
  • Being flexible and open-minded - Being aware and questioning own biases and assumptions; being willing to change our minds with new evidence

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Understanding the CMD Process

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Constructivist Media Decoding

Inquiry-based literacy process

in which a teacher leads students through:

  • collective reading
  • applying knowledge
  • interpreting and evaluating diverse media documents

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Why Constructivist Media Decoding?

Addresses core standards

>> teaches subject area knowledge & skills

Engages and reaches ALL students

Adaptable to diverse levels and subjects

Is flexible in time and utility

Teaches Habits of Critical Thinking

Effective with challenging topics

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Teach Media Literacy Skills and Historical Inquiry with Resources from WAMS

Authorship

Credibility

Developing Questions

Facts, Opinions, and Claims

Evaluating Evidence

Making Inferences

Cause and Effect

Multiple Perspectives

Evaluating Evidence

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Tools to get started with Media Decoding!

Review CMD and share this inquiry strategy with your teachers by showing them the Starter Kits from Project Look Sharp:

Starter Kits are step-by-step guides to integrate CMD into your work with students. Search by grade level or subject area, each guide contains helpful videos, resources, selected lesson plans, and a 1 to 5 structure to help you get started with media decoding!

WAMS in the Classroom

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Key Resources

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WANT MORE WAMS?�JOIN US!

Look for the newsletter.

Share these resources with your

fellow teachers and students!

Attend additional PD through N-YHS.

Send N-YHS feedback.

Join the conversation on social media.

@nyhistory / #WomenAtTheCenter

Become a WAMS Ambassador!

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THANK YOU! What are your next steps? Share out!

Leanne Ellis

wams@nyhistory.org

wams.nyhistory.org

#WomenAtTheCenter