SMART HEALTH MONITERING SYSTEM USING IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS)

THIS MINI PROJECT WORK IS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT

OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF

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BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

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SUBMITTED BY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. RUPAM DAS

Assistant/Associate Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ECE

ASANSOL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

AFFILIATED TO

MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

JUNE 2022

Certificate of Recommendation

I hereby recommend that the preliminary thesis report entitled, “SMART HEALTH MONOTERING SYSTEM USING IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS)” carried out under

my supervision by the group of students listed below may be accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of “Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering” of Asansol Engineering College under MAKAUT.

Countersigned:

………………………………

(Dr. Arunava De)

Head of the Department

Electronics and Communication Engineering, Asansol Engineering College,

Asansol-713305

……………………………… (Dr. Rupam Das)

Mini Project Supervisor

Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Asansol Engineering College, Asansol-713305

………………………………… (Dr. Rupam Das)

Mini Project Supervisor

Certificate of Approval

The forgoing mini project document is hereby approved as creditable study of an engineering subject carried out and presented in a manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as prerequisite to the degree for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by this approval the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein but approve the thesis only for the purpose for which it is submitted.

………………………………… (Dr. Rupam Das)

Mini Project Supervisor

Acknowledgement

It is my great privilege to express my profound and sincere gratitude to our Mini Project Supervisor, Dr. Rupam Das for providing me a very cooperative and precious guidance at every stage of the present project work being carried out under his/her supervision. His valuable advice and instructions in carrying out the present study has been a very rewarding and pleasurable experience that has greatly benefited me throughout the course of work.

We would like to convey my sincere gratitude towards Pof (Dr) Arunava De, Head of the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Asansol Engineering College for providing us the requisite support for time completion of our work. We would also like pay my heartiest thanks and gratitude to all the teachers of the Department of ECE, Asansol Engineering College for various suggestions being provided in attaining success in our work.

I would like to express my earnest thanks to my other colleagues along with all technical staffs of the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Asansol Engineering College for their valuable assistance being provided during my project work.

Finally, I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to my parents for their constant motivation and support throughout my work.

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………………………………… (Anushka Trivedi)

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………………………………… (Ankita Biswas)

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………………………………… (Ankit Raj)

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………………………………… (Aditi Raj)

Abstract

In the recent year’s health monitoring system is one of the innovative concepts that has been introduced in many of the developing countries. The framework is to help the people to get the proper treatment and diagnosis with all the advanced medical technologies in time. The IOT (Internet of Things) have been extensively used to interconnect the handy clinical assets and offer smart, reliable, and fine healthcare services to patients. It has been implemented by using different sort of sensors to monitor the vital signs in patients heartbeat conditions, temperature and humidity. Transmission of the information from the body sensors to the server is done by the WI-FI module where the data is stored in server the microcontroller is used to convert the data into readable signals. The doctor can view the patient’s condition through laptop or through the android phones where Bluetooth is the transmitter. The main purpose of this paper is both patient and doctor can have the real time communication it is extremely helpful for chronically ill, elderly and even for bedridden patients in home.

The primary goal was to develop a reliable patient monitoring system using IoT so that the

healthcare professionals can monitor their patients, who are either hospitalized or at home using an IoT based integrated healthcare system with the view of ensuring patients are cared for better. A mobile device based wireless healthcare monitoring system was developed which can provide real time online information about physiological conditions of a patient mainly consists of sensors, the data acquisition unit, microcontroller (i.e., Arduino), and programmed with a software. Thus, IoT based patient monitoring system effectively monitor patient’s health status and save life on time.

Introduction

A remote monitoring wearable sensor ensures safe and sound life they are extremely use full and reliable. Due to the rapid growth in the developing countries many new technologies have been emerged in order to improve the quality of human life with the advanced health care services and treatments. In this paper we are monitoring only three vital signs in the patient’s body such as heartbeat, temperature and humidity the remote monitoring of these conditions will have a great significance in the medical field. According to the constitutions of World Health Organization (WHO) the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental right for an individual. As we are truly inspired by this, we attempt to propose an innovative system that puts forward a smart patient health tracking system that uses sensors to track patient vital parameters and uses internet to update the doctors so that they can help in case of any issues at the earliest preventing death rates.The main objective of this project is to have the continuous monitoring system if the health condition of any patient is abnormal then it has the capability to detect the abnormal signs with the help of sensors attached to the patient body and send the information to the doctor with the Wi-Fi module. This system has many advantages but the main benefit is the result can be viewed by the doctor in real time at any place. It is extremely helpful for chronically ill, elderly and bedridden patients who are not in a position to attend the doctors regularly As a result; this task is an attempt to resolve a healthcare problem presently society is facing. The principal objective of the venture was once to format a far flung healthcare system. It contains of three main essential parts. The first one detection of patient’s vital signs with the use of sensors, second one is for sending collected information to server and the final section used to be presenting the detected information to far viewing. Remote viewing of the information allows a health practitioner or guardian to monitor a patient’s fitness progress away from health facility premises.

Motivation of the Project

The Internet of Things (IOT) standards have been extensively used to interconnect the handy clinical assets and offer smart, reliable, and fine healthcare carrier to the patients. Health monitoring for energetic and supported living is one of the standards that can use the IOT advantages to progress the patient’s lifestyle. In this project, I have an IOT architecture modified for healthcare applications. The target of the project used to be to originate up with a Remote Health Monitoring System that can be made with locally available sensors with a view to making it cheap if it has been to be mass produced.

Design and Methodology

The block diagram of the proposed system consists of three sensors heartbeat, temperature and humidity sensor. It contains an efficient component microcontroller to convert the signals into readable signals and the other components are Wi-Fi module /Bluetooth they play the role of the transmission agents, LCD display to show the results and buzzer is activated when there is the emergency condition. The proposed system in the block diagram deals with the three sensors such as heartbeat, temperature and humidity sensor this are the wireless sensors which are attached to the body of the patients to collect the record information from the patients and then connected to the microcontroller which converts the analog signals into the readable digital signals and next step is the Wi-Fi module which is a data transferring agent from the Arduino Uno board to the server where all the collected information is stored. The doctor can login with the help of laptop can view the results of the abnormal conditions in real time and get the treatment done or he can login with android mobile phone for remote monitoring but here Bluetooth is the transmitter for the data collected from microcontroller to phone another important component in this project is the LCD display which shows the results in the displayed format the recorded signs of heartbeat, temperature and humidity conditions and if the results are abnormal the buzzer is activated.

Figure1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT

V Sensors and Modules

The hardware requirements:

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1. Arduino Uno.
2. Heart beat sensor.
3. Temperature sensor.
4. Breadboard.
5. Bluetooth module.
6. Power supply.
7. LCD display.
8. LED

1. ARDUINO UNO:

Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards, such as the Arduino Mega board, etc. The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header. It is the most used and of standard form from the list of all available Arduino Boards. It is also recommended for beginners as it is easy to use.

2. HEART BEAT SENSOR:

Heartbeat sensor delivers a humble way to revision the meaning of the sentiment which can be leisurely grounded on the opinion of psycho-physiological gesture used as a stimulus for the virtual- reality system. The volume of the blood in the finger nonconformities with reverence to time.

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3. TEMPERATURE SENSOR:

Temperature sensor is a expedient which is envisioned certainly to quantity the heat or emotionlessness of an determination. LM35 is a correctness IC infection sensor with its production relative to the temperature (in °C). With LM35, the temperature can be controlled more carefully than with a thermistor.

4. BREADBOARD:

A breadboard allows for easy and quick creation of temporary electronic circuits or to carry out experiments with circuit design. Breadboards enable developers to easily connect components or wires thanks to the rows and columns of internally connected spring clips underneath the perforated plastic enclosure.

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5. BLUETOOTH MODULE:

Bluetooth module (Bluetooth module) refers to the basic circuit set of the chip with integrated Bluetooth function, used for short-range 2.4G wireless communication module. For the end user, the Bluetooth module is a semi-finished product

6. POWER SUPPLY:

Power supply is a condition to groundwork of electrical power. Here in our presentation we essential a 5v DC power supply for all electronics intricate in the development. This involves step dejected transformer, rectifier, voltage regulator, and filter course for generation of 5v DC power.

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7. LCD DISPLAY:

We are using 16X2 LCD for the purpose of mode displaying, whether returning or Issuing of the library books. Having following features:

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• 5 x 8 dots with cursor

Built-in controller (KS 0066 or Equivalent)

+ 5V power supply (Also available for + 3V) 1/16 duty cycle.

N.V. optional for + 3V power supply

8. LED:

LED (Light Emitting Diode) is a two terminal semiconductor device. The functionality of LED is as same as normal diode but it emits light when current passes through it. It is used in most of the electronic circuits as a sign or visual representation to the normal human to know that circuit is working properly. We have lot of applications using LEDs. They are used in advertisement hoarding, Electronic devices, displays, night lamps, etc.

Flow Diagram

Figure 2: FLOW DIAGRAM OF HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT

Results and Discussion

Hence the project provides the opportunity for the doctors to monitor the health of the patients even outside the hospital or apart from the duty hours using IOT the health of the patients is monitored remotely. This project is cost effective and provides timely response to improve the patient’s health it avoids the patients to have long stays in hospital it helps them to move freely and walk happily with the help of wireless sensors. This are the measurable benefits which avoids the patients from daily.

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Operating Mechanism

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STEP 1:

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The Heartbeat sensor is fixed to the patient’s finger. This contains an IR sensor in it. Every pumping we get pulse from that sensor. This sensor output is given to the arduino via Signal conditioning unit for amplification.

STEP 2:

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NTC type thermistor is used as a temperature sensor. This temperature sensor output varies based on the temperature this output is also given to Arduino.

STEP 3:

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The output is displayed in the form of string in a particular interval of time. The application is very simple as it just displays the analog values followed by a statement describing the kind of value displayed.

Future Work

Future Benefits of IOT in Healthcare can be:

Better Supervision and Reporting: Real-time supervision through IOT devices can save lives in medical emergencies such as asthma attacks, heart failures etc. The connected device can collect essential data on patient’s health and transfer it to the physician in real time. A study conducted by Centre for Connected Health policy suggests that there was a 50% reduction in re-admission rate of patients due to remote supervision.

End-to-End Connectivity: IOT can automate the workflow of patient care with the help of

healthcare mobility solutions. It enables interoperability, machine-to-machine communication, data movement and information exchange while making healthcare delivery more productive. Different connectivity protocols in the devices allow hospital personnel to spot early signs of illness in the patients.

Data Analysis: IOT devices can collect, report and analyse the extensive data collected in short time, cutting the need of its storage. This will allow healthcare providers in focusing on relevant data required to treat the patient. The data-driven insights will speed up the decision-making process of the doctors.

Alerts and Tracking: Timely alerts can be crucial in case of life-threatening circumstances. IOT allows medical devices to gather essential data and transfer it to doctors in real time. The reports provide perfect opinion on the patient’s condition, irrespective of location or time.

Lower Costs: The connected devices and wearables will allow patients to connect with doctors

from their homes. The regular visit for different tests and check-ups will be minimized. This will save cost and time of patients on a daily basis.

Medication Management: With the help of smart wireless pill bottles, tracking medication schedule will become easy. This will help people who forget to take their medications on time. The IOT enabled medication management processes will also provide doctors with analytics for offering better care to the patients.

With the increase in the market for healthcare IOT, the challenges are bound to increase. Storing mountains of data collected by many devices will pose a challenge to the healthcare institutions. As this data will also be exchanged amongst other devices, the security issues will also rise. Unauthorized access to connected devices can cause harm to the patient’s safety. Thus, proper authentication and authorization will be necessary to achieve success with IOT. Applications that IOT has to offer are not fully developed yet. The widespread of connected devices in the healthcare structure is also incomplete. IOT and healthcare together will radically change the service offerings in the hospitals. The digitalization in healthcare will be brought by the Internet of Things.

References

Luigi Atzori et al, “The Internet of Things: A survey”, Computer Networks, Vol.54, pp. 2787-2805, 2010

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Andrew D. Jurik and Alfred C. Weaver W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.

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Franca Delmastro, “Pervasive communications in healthcare”, Computer Communications Vol.35, pp.1284 1295, 2012. ArunaDevi.S et al. /International Journal of Computer Science &Engineering Technology (IJCSET) ISSN: 2229- 3345Vol. 7 No. 03 Mar 2016 72

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Eleanor Borgia, “The Internet of Thigs vision: Key features, application and open issues”, Computer Communication, Vol.54, pp. 131, 2014.

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Gennaro Tartarisco, Giovanni Baldus, Daniele Corda, Rossella Raso, Antonino Arnao, Marcello Ferro,Andrea Gaggioli, Giovanni Pioggia, “Personal Health System architecture for stress monitoring and support to clinical decisions”, Computer Communications Vol.35, pp.1296 – 1305, 2012.

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Tao Liu, Yoshio Inoue, Kyoko Shibata, “Development of a wearable sensor system for quantitative gait analysis”, Measurement Vol. 42, pp.978– 988, 2009.

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Patrick Fuhrer et.al, “health care system with RFID technology” International Journal of Computer Science &Engineering Technology (IJCSET) ISSN: 2229- 3345Vol. 7 No. 03 Mar 2016 72