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What is accessibility, anyway?

Adam Thiel, CPACC

Oklahoma ABLE Tech

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Today’s Roadmap

  1. Who is ABLE Tech?
  2. Intro to Accessibility
  3. Laws & Guidelines
  4. Four Core Skills
  5. Q&A

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So, who is ABLE Tech?

…and why are they talking to me?

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Who we are

  • Oklahoma ABLE Tech is Oklahoma’s Assistive Technology (AT) Act Program.
  • There’s an AT Act Program in every U.S. State and Territory.
  • We’re a sponsored program of Oklahoma State University (OSU).

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What we do

  • AT evaluations, consultations, and demonstrations.
  • Short-term device loans
  • Financial loans
  • Refurbish durable medical equipment (DME)
  • Digital accessibility training and technical assistance

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For more info, go to okabletech.org

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Intro to Accessibility

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Accessibility Defined

Accessibility is the practice of making information, activities, and environments usable and meaningful for as many people as possible.

In other words, it means ensuring everyone, including people with disabilities, can receive, understand, and act upon information and services as easily as everyone else.

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Up to 1 in 4 adults in the U.S. (around 27%) have a disability.

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Mind blown!

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What are some examples of accessibility you have seen before?

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Accessibility Examples

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Accessibility benefitseveryone.

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Laws�& Guidelines

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Legal Backing

  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
  • Section 508 of the Federal Rehabilitation Act
  • Oklahoma’s Electronic Information and Technology Accessibility Act (EITA)
  • And more!

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ADA Title II Update

  • Requires all state and local governments to make their web and mobile apps accessible by either April 2026 or 2027.
  • Sets WCAG 2.1 AA as the standard to meet.
  • Check out the Department of Justice's (DOJ) Fact Sheet to learn more.

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The What-CAG?

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines

  • International accessibility standard
  • Defines how accessible tech should work
  • Levels of conformance: A, AA, and AAA
  • Title II requires Version 2.1 AA minimum

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Organizations Affected

  • State and local government offices
  • State and local police departments, courts, and election offices
  • Public transit agencies
  • Public schools, community colleges, and universities
  • Public libraries
  • Public hospitals and healthcare clinics
  • And more!

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And Vendors, too!

  • Any content or tool created by a vendor must be accessible, too.
  • Start asking for and vetting VPATs and ACRs. If a vendor doesn’t know what those are, that’s a big red flag.
  • Add accessibility language to your contracts starting yesterday.

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What content is covered?

NOTE: Includes both public and internal content!

Documents

Web Content

Mobile Apps

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So, what types of �digital content need to be accessible?

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Technically Everything*

  • Websites & Mobile Apps
  • Documents
  • Social Media
  • Videos
  • Public & Internal content
  • Third-party products & software
  • And more…

*See the DOJ’s Fact Sheet for info on exceptions

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Breathe

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Four Core Skillsfor Digital Accessibility

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The Four Core Skills

Use good structure

Create equivalent experiences

Make content readable

Use color carefully

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Core Skill 1:�Use good structure

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Structure is…

  • Crucial for people using assistive technology (AT)
  • Easy to add with tools built into your software

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Why is Structure Important?

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Headings

  • Headings organize your content into sections.
  • They should follow a logical hierarchy, just like a Table of Contents or outline.
  • They help create a similar experience for everyone.

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Core Skill 2:�Create �equivalent experiences

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Image Descriptions

Image descriptions (a.k.a text alternatives) provide meaning to visual objects for people that can’t see them.

Every image needs some kind of image description, and alt text is the most common way to do this.

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The Telephone Game

How would you describe an image to someone over the phone?

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Context is King

Context is the most important thing when writing alt text.

The same image, but used in a different context, will need different alt text.

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Alt Text Practice

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Killer dog on the loose!

Authorities are searching for a vicious dog attacking people in Downtown Park!

If you see this deceptively cute beast, do not approach it!

Save yourself!

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Core Skill 3: Make content readable

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Reading Level

Public-facing content should aim for an 8th grade reading level or lower.

Use a tool like Hemingway to quickly check your content’s reading level.

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Use Plain Language

  • Spell out acronyms at least the first time you use them or just don’t use them.
  • Avoid “legalese” — a.k.a. hard to understand and overly technical jargon.
  • Use active voice.
  • Use the same terms consistently.

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Plain Language in Action

Learn more about plain language at PlainLanguage.gov.

Before

After

Timely preparation, including structural and non-structural mitigation measures to avoid the impacts of severe winter weather, can avert heavy personal, business and government expenditures. Experts agree that the following measures can be effective in dealing with the challenges of severe winter weather.

Severe winter weather can be extremely dangerous. Consider these safety tips to protect your property and yourself.

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Fonts

Choose simple fonts and make them large enough to be easily read.

Use 12 pt. minimum for most documents.*

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Core Skill 4:�Use color carefully

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Color Contrast

Everybody sees color differently!

So, we can’t rely on our eyes to know if something has enough color contrast.

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Contrast Checker

Popular contrast checkers:

Minimum Contrast Ratio

4.5:1

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Use of Color

Don’t use color as the only way to tell different parts of your content apart.

People who are colorblind or have low vision may not be able to tell them apart!

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Use of Color 2

It’s OK to use color, but use at least one other way too, like a symbol or text.

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Q&A

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Help keep the lights on!

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Questions? Ask us!

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Thank You!