2025 Standish Annual Mandatories

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Town Hall

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Test and powerpoint sections will match

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Access code is Standish2025

Bloodborne, Airborne and droplet pathogens

TOWN OF STANDISH

ANNUAL TRAINING 2025

• What’s this all about?!

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• OSHA 1910.1030- any employee that may come in to contact with Blood or Blood products must attend yearly training.�
• Additional education is required each time there is a change in procedure�
• Training is site specific

• What is Occupational Exposure

• OSHA Defines Occupational Exposure as a reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucus membrane or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious material that may result from the performance of an employees duty

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• Not the same as an EXPOSURE Incident, an Exposure incident is a specific incident in which someone has been exposed

�Exposure Control Plan

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• Updated yearly by the Designated Infection Control Officer.�
• Annual training must cover the updates

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• Located in Deputy Fire Chief’s Office, Administrative Office and in Human Resources at Town Hall.

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• The plan covers Universal Precautions, Engineering controls, work restriction and post exposure follow up.

Disease Process

• Causes of Disease

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• Microorganisms that are carried in human blood or body fluids
• Normal Flora- assist the body as a natural defense to maintain health by preventing harmful bacteria from growing�
• Bacteria- Need certain conditions to grow but can survive outside the human body�
• Virus- A packet of genetic material that is surrounded by protein covering, unable to grow or reproduce outside a living host.�
• Prion - A disease-causing agent that is not bacterial, fungal, or viral and contains no genetic material.

Disease Process

• Type of Disease

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• Infectious- Illness resulting for Bacteria, virus, fungi, prion or parasite.

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• Communicable- A disease that is readily spread from one person to another under certain conditions.�
• Vector - An organism, such as an insect or animal that transmits disease-carrying germs.

�NORMAL FLORA

• Microorganisms (usually bacteria) are found on healthy human body surfaces�
• Each body site has its own normal flora

Disease Process

• Risk of transmission

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• Primary – comes from blood, vaginal secretions and semen only a risk in sexual contact.

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• Secondary- Fluid from joints, around the heart, abdomen, spinal fluid and other body fluids that contain VISIBLE blood.

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• Not a risk for transmission, Urine, Fecal matter, Vomit, tears, Unless they contain VISIBLE blood.

Disease Process

• How is disease spread? (Disease Vector)

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• Direct Contact- Direct contact of infected blood with blood from another person
• Example- You apply pressure to a person who has a laceration to an artery in their leg. During the transfer of the patient to the backboard you cut your forearm and the patients blood get on your arm.

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• Indirect Contact- Spread from a person to an object and than to another person
• Example- You are working an MVC, when moving the patient, you get cut by glass that has the patient's blood all over it.
• Example 2- A person has Norovirus and drinks from a glass. Then you drink from the same glass and contract the virus.

Assessing the risk of exposure

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• Four factors to consider
• Organism
• Each organism has a specific mode of entry�
• Dose of the Organism
• Number or organism present in exposure, Each disease has a number requirement, If there is no Disease present, infection cannot occur. For Viruses, this is known as Viral Load. �
• Host resistance to Organism
• The healthier you are, less chance for infection�
• Strength of the Organism *
• (Virulence) Strength outside vs. inside the body. HIV and TB do not survive in air and light

Assessing the risk of exposure

• Bodies Natural Defenses
• Skin- First line of Defense
• Conjunctiva- Protects the eyes by the motion of the eyelids and tears.
• Lungs- Cilia, mucous membranes, cough mechanism
• GI Tract- Acid of gastric juices and bile secretions
• Immune System- resistance for infection

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• Factors that compromise resistance
• Smoking, Age, Drug use, Trauma, Malnutrition, chronic diseases.

Exposure Incidents

• Contact with skin: wash exposed areas with antimicrobial soap and running water�
• Contact with eyes or mucous membranes: flush affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes�
• Contact with clothing: remove contaminated clothing, wash underlying skin with antimicrobial soap and running water. Be careful not to spread the contamination. (Note, it is best to initially wash with cold water until visible contamination has been removed). This keeps the pores in the skin closed.

Exposure Incidents

• Contact the Designated Infection Control Officer, they are on call 24/7�
• The DICO will make exposure determination�
• If deemed an exposure, source testing will be requested.
• If source is negative, no further testing or evaluation is needed
• If Source is positive, follow up testing of the employee will take place if vaccination history is not on file or insufficient.
• Any information obtained regarding the Source Disease status must be kept confidential, failure to do so may result in civil liability
• Follow up will be confidential and results will not be known by the Department.

Bloodborne, airborne and droplet diseases

Hepatitis B (HBV)

• Transmitted by blood-to-blood contact, sexual contact and indirect contact.�
• 2006 CDC reported that HBV in public safety lower than general public�
• Signs and symptoms will begin like a flu like illness and may progress to jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, dark urine, whitish stool and smokers often lose interest in smoking�
• 6.0-30.0% risk of infection if from Source positive needle stick and not vaccinated
• 50-60% of people do not know they are infected with the disease

Hepatitis B (HBV)

• This disease can be prevented
• Two vaccines available, Recombivax and Engerix.
• Low risk of side effects. May include low grade fever, soreness at injection site
• Has been used since 1982
• Offered to each employee at no cost
• Vaccine only good for HBV and will not protect against other types of Hepatitis.
• Series consists of 3 doses, First shot, 2^nd shot 4 weeks later, 3^rd shot 6 months after the first.
• Titer within 2 months of last shot, may need to repeat the series if you did not respond to the vaccine.
• If you chose to decline vaccination, Declination form must be signed.

Hepatitis C (HCV)

• Transmitted by Blood to Blood Contact, blood transfusions, needle stick injuries, Sexual contact�
• Tattoos and body piercings are factors that increase the risk 15-30%�
• Sexual Contact 15-20%�
• IV Drug users is the highest risk group 42%�
• Incubation period 6-7 weeks�
• Signs and symptoms are much like HBV, Flu like illness, loss of appetite, headache and nausea�
• 5 studies show that Fire/EMS personnel are at no Increase risk

Hepatitis C (HCV)

• No Vaccine available, post exposure treatment is counseling, post exposure testing HCV-RNA at 2 weeks�
• Rapid test available to know source status in 23 minutes.�
• There is effective treatment where 75-95% of people have been cured.�
• 1 Transmission via splash into the eyes and 1 via non intact skin.�
• Treatment consists of 3 drugs-Interferon, Ribavirin and 1 other. And is covered under workers comp

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• Virus which attacks the bodies immune system and its ability to fight infection
• Virus progress to AIDS
• Transmission primarily sexual contact-M/M, M/F, F/M
• Second is IV drug users sharing needles and syringes
• Third is mother to Infant (1-3%)
• Smaller numbers consist of Blood Transfusions and needle stick injuries,
• 57 Health care workers have documented and acquired infections, none since 2001.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• HIV is not a highly infectious disease
• Does not survive outside the body
• Donated blood screened for p24 (closes the window phase to 1-6 days)
• Higher Risk exposures:
• Deep puncture injury
• Visible blood on device
• Device had been in patients vein or artery, not iv tubing
• Patient HIV positive with High Viral Load
• Large gauge (18+) hollow bore needle

HIV CELL

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• Post exposure
• Test source patient, if source negative, no further testing of staff needed
• Source positive- Must conduct viral load testing, Viral load above 1500 copies/ml, considered high. 96% Patient receiving antiviral drugs and responding to treatment with low viral load, are unable to transmit the disease
• Rapid testing available, 10-20 minutes to know results.
• Must know source status to indicate Post Exposure Prophylactic treatment (PEP)
• If PEP is indicated, counseling must be conducted on drug interactions, side effects, pregnancy, CBC, LFT etc.
• Risk date:
• Sharps injury 0.3%
• Mucus Membrane 0.09%
• Non Intact skin 1 case in studies (1999)

Syphilis

• Disease caused by bacteria
• Cases in the United States are on the rise, mostly males.
• Primarily a sexual transmitted disease, but direct blood to blood contact may pose a transmission risk
• High risk groups include IV drug users, prostitutes, HIV positive and HVC positive persons.
• Signs and symptoms
• Primary lesion or chancre may appear 3 wks after exposure
• 4-6 weeks rash on soles of feet and palms of hands may occur.
• May progress in to latent phase if not treated.
• Treatment consists of Long acting PCN

Syphilis Rash

Airborne and Droplet Diseases

Tuberculosis (TB)

• TB Is caused by a bacteria not a virus
• Spread by droplet which are expelled by an infected person
• TB Is not a highly communicable disease
• Risk for exposure is based on time with infected person, if ventilation was present and any prevention measures that were used
• Exposure time is between 2-10 hours in an unventilated confined space.

COVID-19

COVID-19 is caused by a coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Older adults and people who have severe underlying medical conditions like heart or lung disease or diabetes seem to be at higher risk for developing more serious complications from COVID-19 illness.

Symptoms & Onset

• Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus. People with these symptoms may have COVID-19:
• Fever or chills
• Cough
• Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
• Fatigue
• Muscle or body aches
• Headache
• New loss of taste or smell
• Sore throat
• Congestion or runny nose
• Nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhea

Covid 19 Warning Signs

• Look for emergency warning signs for COVID-19. If someone is showing any of these signs, seek emergency medical care immediately:
• Trouble breathing
• Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
• New confusion
• Inability to wake or stay awake
• Pale, gray, or blue-colored skin, lips, or nail beds, depending on skin tone

Protective Measures

• �To help protect yourself and others from COVID-19:
• Everyone ages 2 years and older should properly wear a well-fitting mask indoors in public in areas where the COVID-19 Community Level is high, regardless of vaccination status.
• Avoid poorly ventilated spaces and crowds.
• Test to prevent spread to others.
• Wash your hands often. If soap and water are not readily available, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.
• Cover coughs and sneezes.
• Clean high touch surfaces regularly or as needed and after you have visitors in your home. If someone is sick or has tested positive for COVID-19, disinfect frequently touched surfaces.
• Monitor your health daily.

Tuberculosis (TB)

• TB Infection- Positive on test but no Disease, cannot pass on disease. No need for repeat testing or yearly chest x-rays unless you develop symptoms.�
• TB Disease- Positive test, Positive x-ray, positive lab data. May be able to pass disease on.�
• If following an exposure you test positive, you may be offered a drug treatment lasting 6-9 months�
• Symptoms include
• Cough >3 wks Plus two of the following
• Weight loss, night sweats, swollen lymph glands, chest pain, hoarseness.

Tuberculosis (TB)

• New complication
• Multi drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB)
• Does not respond to drugs that are currently used
• Mostly seen in Immunocompromised persons/immigrants
• Still many drugs available to treat this
• Extensively Resistant TB (XDR-TB)
• Resistant to 2 most common antibiotics plus two injectable antibiotics
• About 4% of MDR-TB are now XDR-TB
• Still is treatable and not more infectious

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MAINE EMS PROVIDERS ARE CONSIDERED LOW RISK!!

Therefor EMS does not require annual PPD testing

Seasonal Flu (Influenza)

• Influenza (flu) is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can cause mild to severe illness. Serious outcomes of flu infection can result in hospitalization or death. Some people, such as older people, young children, and people with certain health conditions, are at high risk of serious flu complications.�
• The typical incubation period for influenza is 1—4 days (average: 2 days). Most healthy adults may be able to infect others beginning 1 day before symptoms develop and up to 5 to 7 days after becoming sick.

Seasonal Flu (Influenza) Continued

• Flu-like symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people also may have vomiting and diarrhea. People may be infected with the flu and have respiratory symptoms without a fever (CDC).�
• The flu virus can “live” on some surfaces for up to 24 hours. (Keyboard, Door handles Etc. �
• CDC suggests that healthcare professionals receive the flu vaccine annually. (Unless there are medical contra-indications)

Tick and Mosquito Borne Diseases

Tick Borne Diseases�

• Anaplasmosis
• Babesiosis
• Ehrlichiosis
• Lyme
• Powassan Encephalitis
• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Click on the Disease Name for a link to Maine CDC’s Information

Please visit the link below for Tick Borne Disease Prevention

http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/mecdc/infectious-disease/epi/vector-borne/lyme/tick-prevention.shtml

Mosquito-Borne Diseases�

• Dengue
• Chikungunya
• Eastern Equine Encephalitis
• Malaria
• West Nile Virus
• Yellow Fever
• Zika

Click on the Disease Name for a link to Maine CDC’s Information

Mosquito-Borne Disease Prevention�

• Wear insect repellent: Yes! It is safe. When used as directed, insect repellent is the BEST way to protect yourself from mosquito bites—even children and pregnant women should protect themselves. Higher percentages of active ingredient provide longer lasting protection.
• DEET: Products containing DEET include Cutter, OFF!, Skintastic.
• Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin): Products containing picaridin include Cutter Advanced, Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus, and Autan outside the United States).
• Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or PMD: Repel contains OLE.
• IR3535: Products containing IR3535 include Skin So Soft Bug Guard Plus Expedition and SkinSmart.
• Cover up: When weather permits, wear long-sleeved shirts and pants.
• Keep mosquitoes outside: Use air conditioning or make sure that you repair and use window/door screens.

Other Diseases

Measles

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• Transmission
• Airborne disease
• Direct contact with respiratory secretions
• Incubation period 7-18 days

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• Different Name
• Hard Measles
• Red Measles
• Nine day Measles

Measles

• Symptoms
• Fever
• Rash
• Coryza
• Cough
• Koplik Spots (buccal mucosa)
• Conjunctivitis

• Prevention
• Mask the patient
• Use gloves
• Vaccinate

Mumps

• Mumps is an inflammation of the salivary glands
• Transmission
• Direct contact with respiratory secretions
• Face to face contact
• > 5 minutes in the same room
• If exposed and no immunity- work

restriction is from day 12- 26 following

exposure

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• Signs and symptoms
• Fever
• Swelling of Salivary Glands
• Orchitis an inflammation of testicles (unilateral)

Mumps

• Prevention
• Vaccination
• 2 doses 1 month apart
• If you cannot show documentation of immunity- Vaccinate, a titer is not required

• Vaccine
• Live virus
• Cannot give to pregnant women
• Not effective post exposure.
• If received vaccine prior to 1967, must revaccinate

Rubella

• Rubella is a virus, also know as German Measles or the 3 day measles

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• Transmission
• Face to face contact

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• Signs and symptoms
• Low grade fever
• Rash
• Coryza
• Headach

• Prevention
• Vaccinate
• Place surgical mask on the patient
• Place surgical mask on your self if not possible to mask patient
• Incubation period 14-23 days

Chickenpox (varicella)

• Varicella Zoster is chickenpox and Herpes Zoster is shingles

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• Transmission
• Face to face contact
• > 5 minutes of contact
• Contact with draining lesions

Chickenpox (varicella)

• Signs and Symptoms
• Lesions on covered areas of the body
• Fever
• photosensitivity
• Prevention
• Vaccination
• Place a surgical mask on the patient
• Place mask on yourself if not able to place on patient

• Vaccine
• Live Virus
• 2 doses,1 month apart

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• Incubation Period 10-21 days following exposure

Pertussis (Whooping cough)

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• Pertussis is a highly contagious bacterial disease that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing

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• Initial symptoms, similar to the common cold, usually develop about a week after exposure to the bacteria.

Meningitis

• Can be a bacteria or virus
• Viral meningitis not an exposure risk, generally resolves with out specific treatment
• 90% of cases are viral
• Bacterial meningitis is communicable
• Bacterial meningitis is serious- can result in
• Brain damage
• Hearing loss
• Limb amputation
• Death
• Transmitted by exchanging respiratory and throat secretions (saliva or spit) during close (for example, coughing or kissing)

Meningitis

• Prevention
• Mask the patient If unable than mask yourself
• Vaccinate
• Children
• College
• Teens

• Exposure
• Unprotected mouth to mouth
• Suction/intubation with no use of PPE
• Prolonged contact >8hr like with air travel
• Incubation Period is 2-10 Days
• Post exposure-Rifampin or Cipro

Seasonal Influenza

• Viral infection that spreads easily form person to person
• Three types of seasonal influenza-A, B, C.
• Only type A & B are included in vaccine

• Transmission
• Droplet produced by coughing, poor hand hygiene
• Prevention
• Hand washing
• Cough Etiquette
• Mask the patient
• Seasonal Influenza vaccine

Seasonal influenza

• Signs and Symptoms
• Fever or chills
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Runny Nose
• Muscle or body aches
• Headaches
• Vomiting, diarrhea

• Vaccine
• Many different types available
• Healthcare considered High risk
• CANNOT CAUSE THE FLU
• Trivalent
• 2 influenza “A” and influenza “B”
• Quadrivalent
• 2 Influenza “A” and 2 Influenza “B” viruses

MRSA

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• Staph is commonly found in the nose and skin in health people.

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• Staph can lead to serious infections in surgical wounds, bloodstream and pneumonia.

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Risk factors

• Severity of illness
• Underlying diseases such as chronic renal failure, insulin dependent DM, peripheral vascular disease, dermatitis and lesions
• Invasive procedures such as dialysis, invasive devices (central lines, ports) urinary catheters
• Repeated contact with healthcare system (hospitalizations, nursing homes)
• Previous Hx of colonization

MRSA

• Transmission occurs when EMS providers contact sites of infection or common areas such as stethoscopes, door knobs etc. that have contaminated surface.�
• Hands of personnel are the most common mode of transmission

Ebola (Hemorrhagic fever)

• The virus spreads by direct contact with body fluids, such as blood, of an infected human or other animals.
• The viral load is the highest when a patient has just expired.
• Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus.
• Early Signs and Symptoms include fever, sore throat, muscle pain, and headaches.�Later Signs and Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea and rash, bleeding internally and externally.
• After 21 days, if an exposed person does not develop symptoms, they will not become sick with Ebola.�

Ebola (Hemorrhagic fever)

• No specific approved FDA vaccine for the virus is available, although a number of potential vaccinations are being studied.
• People who care for those infected with Ebola should wear protective clothing including masks, gloves, gowns and goggles.
• The virus is able to survive on objects for a few hours in a dried state, and can survive for a few days within body fluids

Ebola (Hemorrhagic fever)

Influenza

1,000

HIV

100

Ebola

1

�How infectious is Ebola Virus?�

Employee protection

THE NUMBER ONE CONCERN

Engineering controls

Engineering controls

• Hand washing
• Hand washing is the primary way we can prevent infection and protect our selves
• No artificial fingernails are allowed (CDC 2002)

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• Biohazard waste system
• Items that are soaked, caked and have the potential to leak are considered Biohazard and must be placed in a Red bag. This waste will be disposed of by a biohazard waste company.
• All other waste is considered normal waste and does not need to go into a Red bag

Engineering controls

• Biohazard waste cont.
• Biohazard’s will be washed in the extractor washer at Central.
• Caution!!! Once you place something in a red bag, you don’t get it back!!!

Engineering controls

• Red bags are for materials soaked in blood or OPIM. These bags will be disposed of by a medical waste company. �
• Yellow bags are for contaminated equipment that can and will be decontaminated at Central Station. Be sure to label the outside of the bag to assure the equipment is returned to its proper location.�

Engineering controls-ppe

• Personal Protective Equipment
• Gloves, latex free
• Protective eyewear
• Masks- Surgical not N95
• Gowns
• Respiratory Devices- BVM, pocket masks etc.���
• PPE should be worn whenever there is the possibility of blood or Other Potential Infectious Materials (OPIM), see the following table

Recommendation of PPE

Unless OPIM are visible in your work field

Housekeeping

• Cleaner (CaviCide) Used for standard decontamination
• USE GLOVES(Hepatoxic)
• Contact time 3-5 minutes
• Ready to use, no mixing
• High Level Disinfectant
• TB
• HIV
• HEP B
• MRSA
• VRE
• Fungi

Housekeeping

• Cleaner (10% Bleach) for Enteric Infections (Norovirus and GI Symptoms )
• USE GLOVES
• Will Stain Clothing
• Mixing 10% Bleach to 90% tap water
• Contact time
• C.difficile spores 3 min
• Bacteria 30 sec
• Viruses 1 min
• Norovirus / Rotavirus 10­-20 minutes

Housekeeping

• Do not use the red mop and bucket for station cleaning.
• Red bucket’s and mop handle’s are for Bio Hazard only!!

Routine Decontamination

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• Decontamination of our facilities also needs to be completed whenever there is a concern and possibility of contamination.

Special Decontamination Orders

• Special decontamination orders may be disseminated by the Infection Control Officer or Administrative staff during increased sick rates with similar symptoms amongst employees or epidemic / pandemic events.

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• Decontamination frequency and disinfect agent will be determined by the Infection Control Officer.

Exercise Equipment and shower areas

Studies have shown an increase in the rates of MRSA infections within Fire Stations

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• Exercise Equipment must be wiped down with approved cleaner after each use

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• Showers and sinks must also be cleaned after use

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• Razors, towels and personal items must not be left in the shower area

Pre-Engineered sharps

IV Needles

Medications/Injections

Medication Administration

Vials

Prefilled Syringe

AMPULE

Vials

Miscellaneous Sharps

Lancets

Syringes

Contaminated Uniforms / Clothing

• Once contaminated you cannot bring these home
• Must be washed to the manufacture's recommendation and NFPA 1581
• Washer (extractor)and drier are available at Central Station
• Do NOT use the household washing machines for contaminated uniforms or clothing.
• Do NOT enter other areas with contaminated uniforms / clothing!

Vaccination Program

Vaccination

• It is recommended you have certain vaccinations
• Varicella (Chicken Pox or documentation of prior infection), MMR, Influenza, TDAP, Hepatitis B, Covid-19.

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• Vaccination will limit the need for post exposure follow up / treatment

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If you need a vaccination, please see your PCP or contact your infectious control officer to work on alternative options

Communicable Disease history & immunization record

• This will be kept confidential and only be accessed to assist in the evaluation as to which vaccines to offer and post exposure follow up.
• Records must be turned in at the beginning of employment and updates must be submitted to the Designated Infection Control Officer or the Administrative Assistants.
• If you chose not to provide this information, you MUST sign the declination portion of the form
• The intent of this program is to ensure you remain healthy and are protected

Work restrictions

• Center for Disease Control makes recommendation on work restrictions regarding communicable diseases, they are listed in our Exposure Plan.
• The Town of Standish will follow CDC recommendations when capable.
• If you are sick do not come to work. If you do, you will be sent home.
• If you have a fever of 100.4 Degrees Fahrenheit or greater, do not come to work or you will be sent home.

Conclusion

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• Rules are in place for your health and safety

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• Failure to follow these rules is a risk that does not need to be taken

Questions Contact Designated Infectious Control Officer(C4)

Call 207-252-2871

or E-Mail

bhaskell@standish.org

Annual Fire Extinguisher Refresher

STANDISH FIRE - EMS

Fire Extinguisher Video

The Basics of Fire

Fire needs three things to get started:

• Heat
• Fuel or combustible �material
• Oxygen
• Extinguishers eliminate

One of these agents

Different Types of� Fire Extinguishers

• Class A : Paper, wood, cloth, trash

(water, dry chem)

• Class B : Oil, grease, flammable liquids

(dry chem, foam, co2)

• Class C : Electrical equipment

(dry chem, co2)

• Class D : Combustible metals

(dry powder)

Dangers of Using Wrong Type�of Fire Extinguisher

• Know our fire extinguishers
• Never use Class A extinguishers (water can) on electrical fires
• Don’t use a fire extinguisher that’s not meant for the fire being fought, it may not be effective.

Before Fighting a Fire, Ask Yourself Four Things

• Is fire small and isolated?
• Can you escape safely?
• Do you have the correct extinguisher?
• Are you comfortable using it?

Using the Extinguisher –�The PASS System

Handling and Using Extinguishers

• Stand straight, bend knees.
• Aim with your dominant hand and sweep.
• Stay 8 – 12 feet away�from fire while extinguishing the fire for safety.
• Always keep your exit to your back while extinguishing the fire.

When Not to Use �a Fire Extinguisher

• Assess the risks.
• Size of fire, if it’s

to large just leave.

• Escape route available?
• When in doubt, pull a hose

line.

Fire Extinguisher Inspection

• Look for obvious signs of physical damage, such as corrosion, leakage, or dents.
• Check the pressure gauge to make sure the indicator is within the operating range.
• Make sure the pull-pin is not missing and the pull pin seal is intact.
• If any above are deficient, repair and or remove from service.

Summary

• Many larger fires are preventable, slow it down or put it out with an extinguisher.
• Assess risks before using a fire extinguisher, size and type of fire matter.
• Select correct extinguisher for the given situation.
• PASS: pull pin, aim, squeeze handle, sweeping motion.

Payroll / Credit

• Upon completion of the course and testing please enter payroll / credit time into the Emergency Reporting system.
• Please enter this info under the unassigned station field at the bottom portion of the daily roster (add person).
• Fill in your name as per usual and then the times select the following for the position and activity codes:

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• Position : Training
• Activity :
• CO -Credit Only (on duty)
• TRN- Training Pay (off duty)

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Type mandatories in the note field.

Public Safety�Traffic Flagger

“Public Safety Traffic Flagger”

• “A municipal firefighter, a volunteer firefighter, or a member of an emergency medical service licensed by the Dept. of Public Safety, MEMS who is trained in accordance with subsection 2 and authorized by the chief official of the fire department or emergency medical service to control vehicular traffic”

“Training”

• “all PSTF’s must receive training approved by the Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Standards in controlling traffic on public ways. Training may consist of video instruction, instruction in a classroom, distribution of informational handbooks, or other educational materials or other training materials.”

“Authority”

• “….. a PSTF shall wear a reflective traffic vest or protective clothing as defined in 26 MRSA § 2103(3), and has the authority to control vehicular traffic on a public way at or to reroute vehicular traffic around a public safety emergency, accident, fire……., unless otherwise directed by a law enforcement officer.”

“Obeying The Flagger”

• “….. an operator of a motor vehicle on a public way shall obey a request or signal of a person who is reasonable identifiable as a PSTF. A violation…… is a traffic violation.”

Apparatus & Emergency Vehicle Benchmarks

• Always position first arriving apparatus to protect scene, patients and emergency personnel.
• Positioning of fire apparatus must create a safe parking area for EMS units.

Apparatus & Emergency Vehicle Benchmarks cont.

• When blocking with apparatus to protect the scene, establish a sufficient size work zone that includes (Shadow)
• Damaged vehicles
• Roadway debris
• Patient triage and treatment area
• Operating personnel, equipment and patients

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Blocking

Blocking

Apparatus & Emergency Vehicle Benchmarks

• Ambulances should be positioned within the protected work area with their rear patient loading door area angled away from the nearest lanes of moving traffic
• Command shall stage unneeded emergency vehicles off the roadway or in a staging area

Apparatus & Emergency Vehicle Benchmarks

• Where a charged hoseline may be needed, block so the the pump panel is “downstream” to protect the pump operator

Apparatus & Emergency Vehicle Benchmarks

• Traffic cones shall be deployed from the rear of the blocking apparatus toward approaching traffic
• Personnel shall place and retrieve cones while facing oncoming traffic
• Cones shall be deployed at 15-foot intervals upstream of the blocking apparatus

Apparatus & Emergency Vehicle Benchmarks

• Emergency Scene Ahead signs shall be deployed at all roadway incidents, at least 100 ft prior to first cone……..more if hills or curves

Emergency Crew Personnel Benchmarks

• Always maintain an acute awareness of the high risk of working in or near moving traffic
• Never trust moving traffic
• Always look before you move(look both ways)
• Avoid turning your back to moving traffic.
• Exit & enter crew cabs from the protected side (shadow), away from traffic

Emergency Crew Personnel Benchmarks

• Protective clothing should be donned prior to exiting the emergency vehicle
• Class II Vest as a minimum. (Full PPE to start I/C can have personnel modify if applicable)
• Use extreme Caution putting gear on at your POV !!!

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• While directing traffic in low light visibility, each flagger should have the following items:
• flashlight
• Radio
• Stop / slow sign
• ANSI class II traffic vest

Emergency Crew Personnel Benchmarks

• Always look before opening doors and stepping out of apparatus or emergency vehicles.
• Be alert when walking around apparatus.
• Stop at corner of the unit, check for traffic
• Stay on protected side when possible
• Maintain reduced profile when moving through any area where a minimum buffer zone exist.

Officer’s Safe Parking �“Cue Card”

• Night or Reduced Light Conditions
• Turn off Headlights
• Turn off Traffic emitter
• Provide overall scene lighting
• All personnel in PPE w/helmets and vest
• Consider additional company for additional upstream block if necessary

Junior emergency personnel shall not be allowed to direct traffic.

Always Keep Your Eyes Open

• Stay alert, the dangers are real!!

General Topics

ANNUAL MANDATORIES TRAININGS

E-MAIL & INTERNET USE POLICY

• The E-mail system, telecommunications and internet are not a completely secure system
• The E-Mail system, Telecommunications and internet are town property and intended for town business. The use of this system is a privilege which may be limited or removed if abused at any time for any reason at the sole discretion of the Town Manager.
• The system is not to be used for personal gain or to support or advocate for non-town related activities or business purposes

PROHIBITED USES

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• Communications that in any way may be construed by others as disruptive, offensive, abusive, or threatening
• Communications or sexually explicit images or messages and pornography in any form
• Communications that contain ethnic slurs, racial epithets, or anything that may be construed as harassment or disparagement of others based on race, national origin, gender, age, disability or religious beliefs
• Solicitation for commercial ventures, religious or political causes, outside organizations or non-job-related solicitations
• Access to internet resources, including websites, and news groups that are inappropriate in a business setting
• Communications that encourage conduct that would constitute a criminal offense or give rise to civil liability.
• Any other use that may compromise the integrity of the Town of Standish and its business in any way.

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POLICY CONT.

• All data and other electronic messages within this system are the property of the town.
• E-mail messages have been found to be public records and may be subject to the right-to-know law depending on its content
• The Town through its Manager and Department Heads reserve the right to review the contents of an employee’s computer system to include e-mail.

POLICY CONT.

• The Town’s E-mail and Internet systems may be used only for lawful purposes
• When sending e-mail messages, appropriateness and good judgment should be used.

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Personal Protective Equipment

• In order to meet OSHA requirements (29 CFR 1910.132), and in order to maintain a safe working environment, it will be necessary for all officers and supervisors to analyze the potential job hazards within their area.
• During the hazard assessment survey, officers and supervisors should identify any hazards that require the use of head, eye, hearing, face, hand, and/or foot protection. This will be done every six months by the company officer / administration.
• Select the protective equipment that ensures a level of protection greater than the minimum required to protect employees from the hazards. Careful consideration must be given to comfort and fit. Personal protective equipment must fit properly to be effective.
• Personal protective equipment issued to employees will be inspected at minimum annually by their company officer / supervisor.

• To have an effective personal protective equipment program, one person must be responsible for its coordination. First-line supervisors/and company officers must be convinced of the hazards and must be held accountable for their employees’ use of PPE. It is necessary for new employees to receive training during orientation. Employees should be motivated to continue to use protective gear through an on-going safety program.
• Personal protective equipment can be effective only if the equipment is selected based on its intended use, employees are trained in its use, and the equipment is properly tested, maintained, and worn.

SELECTION OF RESPIRATORS IN THE WORKPLACE AND PROCEDURES FOR USE IN FIREFIGHTING:

• It is the policy of the Department that all personnel expected to respond and function in toxic atmospheres shall be equipped with an SCBA and trained in its proper use and care. These respirators shall be used in accordance with the manufacture's recommendations and Maine Fire Fighter performance testing guidelines.

Respirators for IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) Atmospheres:

• Atmosphere supplying respirators operated in a positive pressure mode shall be used by all personnel working in areas where:
• The atmosphere is immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH).
• The atmosphere is suspected of being IDLH.
• The atmosphere may rapidly become IDLH.
• All interior structural fires, hazmat response hot zones and confined space entries shall be considered to be IDLH, unless air monitoring proves otherwise.

CONFINED SPACE POLICY

• A CONFINED SPACE IS DEFINED AS ANY LOCATION THAT HAS LIMITED OPENINGS FOR ENTRY AND EGRESS. IT’S NOT INTENDED FOR CONTINUOUS EMPLOYEE OCCUPANCY AND IS SO ENCLOSED THAT NATURAL VENTILATION MAY NOT REDUCE CONTAMINATES TO LEVELS BELOW THE THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE

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• EXAMPLES OF A CONFINED SPACE INCLUDE BUT NOT LIMITED TO:
• MANHOLES / STACKS
• PIPES / STORAGE TANKS
• TRAILERS / TANK CARS
• PITS / SUMPS
• HOPPERS / BINS

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IT IS THE STANDISH FIRE–EMS POLICY THAT WE WILL NOT ENTER ANY CONFINED SPACES HOWEVER WE WILL SUPPORT AN ENTRY BY A TRAINED TEAM.

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Confined Space Policy

Hearing Conservation

• The objective of the Town of Standish Hearing Conservation Program is to minimize occupational hearing loss by providing hearing protection, training, and annual hearing tests to all persons working in areas or with equipment that have noise levels equal to or exceeding an eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA) sound limit of 85 dBA (decibels measured on the A scale of a sound level meter). A copy of this program will be maintained by all affected departments. A copy of OSHA’s Hearing Conservation Standard, 29 CFR 1910.95, can be obtained from the Director of Public Safety. A copy of the standard will also be posted in areas with affected employees

• Monitoring
• Is available on request and can also be random,
• Should take place whenever there is a change in equipment, process or controls that affect the noise levels.
• Training
• Training is required off all employees annually
• Hearing Protection
• Managers, supervisors and employees shall properly wear the prescribed hearing protection while working or traveling through any area that is designated as a high noise area.
• Hearing protection will be provided at no cost to the employees who perform tasks designated as having a high noise exposure and replaced as necessary
• Employees are required to wear hearing protection when noise levels reach 85dBA

Employee’s Responsibility

• Wear hearing protection when operating Power Tools
• Wear hearing protection that is provided on apparatus when working in and around running apparatus
• Notify a supervisor and remove from service any equipment that is damaged, worn and/or out of compliance.
• Wear hearing protection when in an environment exceeding 85 decibels

Lockout / Tagout

• The Objectives
• To establish a means of positive control to prevent the accidental starting or activating of machinery or systems during emergency operations or while they are being repaired, cleaned and/or serviced.

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• Prohibit unauthorized personnel or remote-control systems from starting machinery or equipment.

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• To provide a secondary control system (tagout) when it is impossible to positively lockout the machinery or equipment.

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• Establish responsibility for implementing and controlling lockout/tagout procedures.

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• Ensure that only approved locks, standardized tags and fastening devices provided by the company / department will be utilized in the lockout / tagout procedures.

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When it’s used?

• During Maintenance
• Technical Rescue of a patient from any piece of equipment or an environment where the energy sources listed are present.
• To ensure that unsafe or inadequate equipment will not be used once deemed unsafe until it is repaired.
• Any other time applicable to ensure safety of our employees / public.

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Energy Sources!!

• Employees who are required to utilize the lockout/tagout procedure must be knowledgeable of the different energy sources and the proper sequence of shutting off or disconnecting energy means. The four types of energy sources are:
• Electrical (most common form);
• Hydraulic or pneumatic;
• Fluids and gases; and
• Mechanical (including gravity).
• More than one energy source may be utilized on some equipment and the proper procedure must be followed in order to identify energy sources and lockout/tagout accordingly.

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Multiple Tags / Locks

When a Lockout / Tagout is Involving more than one person

• When more than one person is working around the equipment each authorized employee shall place his/her own lock or tag on the energy isolating source(Incident Command may hold a single lockout / tagout).
• This shall be done by utilizing a multiple lock scissors clamp if the equipment is capable of being locked out. If the equipment can’t be locked out, then each authorized employee must place their own tag on the piece of equipment.

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Terminating the Lockout / Tagout

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1. Inspection: Make certain the work is completed and inventory the tools and equipment that were us

2. Clean-up: Remove all towels, rags, work-aids, etc.

3. Guards: Replace all guards to original locations.

4. Controls: All controls should be returned to their operating position.

5. The work area shall be checked to ensure that all employees have been safely positioned or removed and notified that the lockout / tagout devices are being removed.

6. Remove locks / tags. Only remove your lock and or tag.

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�HAZARDOUS MATERIALS �AWARENESS�

HAZMAT Guidebook

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS LEVEL

• OSHA 1910.120(G)(6)(I)
• FIRST RESPONDERS AT THE AWARENESS LEVEL ARE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE LIKELY TO WITNESS OR DISCOVER A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RELEASE AND WHO HAVE BEEN TRAINED TO INITIATE AN EMERGENCY RESPONSE SEQUENCE BY NOTIFYING THE PROPER AUTHORITIES OF THE RELEASE. THEY WOULD TAKE NO FURTHER ACTION BEYOND NOTIFYING THE AUTHORITIES OF THE RELEASE.

131

TRAINING OBJECTIVES (1 OF 2)

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• THE RESPONDER SHALL UNDERSTAND WHAT HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ARE AND THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THEM IN AN INCIDENT.

132

TRAINING OBJECTIVES (2 OF 2)

• THE RESPONDER SHALL UNDERSTAND THEIR ROLE IN THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE INCLUDING SITE SECURITY AND CONTROL AND THE USE OF THE U.S. D.O.T EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK.

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• THE RESPONDER SHALL HAVE THE ABILITY TO REALIZE THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESOURCES, AND TO MAKE THE APPROPRIATE NOTIFICATIONS TO THE COMMUNICATION CENTER.

133

HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

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• DANGEROUS GOODS, ALSO CALLED HAZARDOUS MATERIALS OR HAZ. MAT., ARE SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, OR GASES THAT CAN HARM PEOPLE, OTHER LIVING ORGANISMS

134

DANGERS OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

• CONTAMINATION
• ILLNESS
• INJURY
• DEATH
• LONG LASTING ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
• DECOMPOSITION

135

Chemical Degloving from Sulfuric Acid Exposure

HAZ. MAT. IDENTIFICATION

• VISUAL CUES
• NFPA 704
• PLACARDS
• SDS
• SHIPPING PAPERS

136

NFPA 704

137

(OXY – Oxidizer / ACID – Acid / ALK – Alkali / COR – Corrosive)

ERG AND SHIPPING PAPERS

• THE 2020 ERG HAS A SPECIAL SECTION (INSIDE THE FRONT COVER) THAT SPECIFICALLY COVERS SHIPPING PAPERS.

138

EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK

• USE DURING INITIAL PHASE OF INCIDENT
• 5 SECTIONS
• YELLOW
• BLUE
• ORANGE
• GREEN
• WHITE

139

SUMMARY OF CHANGES TO THE 2020 ERG

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LINK TO 2020 ERG CHANGES

140

THE WHITE SECTION

• SHIPPING PAPERS

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• A “DOWN AND DIRTY” HOW TO GUIDE

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• EMERGENCY RESPONSE STEPS

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• INTRODUCTION TO USING THE PLACARDS TABLE

141

WHITE REFERENCE SECTION

• THE “WHITE” PAGES
• THE INSTRUCTIONS
• SIZE UP INFORMATION
• DEFINITIONS
• BLEVE TABLE ( PAGE 367)
• CBRNE INFORMATION (PAGE 368)
• CONTACT INFORMATION (PAGE 391)

142

PLACARDS

143

PLACARDS TABLE

144

TANKS AND TRAILERS TABLE

145

GLOBAL HARMONIZED SYSTEM �(ADDED IN 2016) PAGES 16-17

146

INTERMODAL CONTAINER LABELING

• PAGES 18 – 21 ARE DEDICATED TO INTERMODAL CONTAINERS

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• INTERMODAL CONTAINER USE FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION WAS UP 42% FROM 2006 TO 2011

147

PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION

• PAGES 22 – 27 ARE DEDICATED TO PIPELINE BASED EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND IDENTIFICATION.

148

YELLOW BORDERED PAGES

YELLOW SECTION IS LISTED IN ORDER OF UN NUMBER

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GREEN HIGHLIGHTS = IF NO FIRE, GO TO GREEN SECTION

149

BLUE BORDERED PAGES

BLUE SECTION IS LISTED IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER OF THE CHEMICAL NAME

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GREEN HIGHLIGHTS = IF NO FIRE, GO TO GREEN SECTION

150

ORANGE BORDERED PAGES

151

• These are a 2 page section

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• These sections are designed for ease of use

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• Guide 111

GREEN BORDERED PAGES

DISTANCE REFERENCES

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• TABLE 1 – INITIAL ISOLATION AND PROTECTION.

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• TABLE 2 – WATER REACTIVE MATERIALS.

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• TABLE 3 – ISOLATION OF TIH GASES.(TOXIC INHALATION HAZARDS)

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• Definition of sexual harassment
• Learning the different types of sexual harassment
• Identifying sexual harassment
• Steps to filing �a complaint

DEFINITION

• Unwelcome verbal, visual, or physical conduct of a sexual nature that is severe or pervasive and affects working conditions or creates a hostile work environment.

BREAKING DOWN THE DEFINITION : “CONDUCT”

• Conduct is NOT sexual harassment if it is welcome. For this reason, it is important to communicate (either verbally or in writing) to the harasser that the conduct makes you uncomfortable and you want it to stop.

“OF A SEXUAL NATURE”

• Verbal/Written: Comments about clothing, personal behavior, or a person’s body; sexual or sex-based jokes; requesting sexual favors or repeatedly asking a person out; sexual innuendoes; telling rumors about a person’s personal or sexual life; threatening a person, sending emails or text messages of a sexual nature
• Physical: Assault; impeding or blocking movement; inappropriate touching of a person or a person’s clothing; kissing, hugging, patting, stroking

“OF A SEXUAL NATURE”

• Nonverbal: Looking up and down a person’s body; derogatory gestures or facial expressions of a sexual nature; following a person
• Visual: Posters, drawings, pictures, screensavers, emails or text of a sexual nature

OF A NON-SEXUAL NATURE

• ** Non-sexual conduct may also be sexual harassment if you are harassed because you are female, rather than male, or because you are male, rather than female.
• For example, it may be sexual harassment if you are a woman working as a carpenter on an all-male job, and you are the only one whose tools are frequently hidden by your male co-workers.

“SEVERE OR PERVASIVE”

• The conduct of the harasser must be either severe or pervasive to be classified as sexual harassment.

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• Although a single unwanted request for a date or one sexually suggestive comment might offend you and/or be inappropriate, it may not be sexual harassment. However, a number of relatively minor separate incidents may add up to sexual harassment if the incidents affect your work environment.

• How many times did the incidents occur?
• How long has the harassment been going on?
• How many others have been sexually harassed?
• Who were witnesses to the harassment?

“AFFECTS WORKING CONDITIONS OR CREATES�A HOSTILE WORK ENVIRONMENT”

• It may be sexual harassment if the conduct unreasonably interferes with your work performance or creates an “intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment.”
• For example, it may be sexual harassment if repeated sexual comments make you so uncomfortable at work that your performance suffers, or you decline professional opportunities because it will put you in contact with the harasser.

TYPES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

• Quid Pro Quo �(“This for that”)

A person in a position of authority, typically a supervisor, demands sexual favors as a condition to getting or keeping a job benefit.

• Verbal, physical or visual forms of harassment, that are sexual in nature, "sufficiently severe, persistent, or pervasive" and unwelcome fall under the category of Hostile Environment Sexual Harassment.

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• A single, severe incident, such as a sexual assault, could create a hostile environment. More commonly, a "hostile environment" is created by a series of incidents.

EXAMPLES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

• Touching and any other bodily contact such as scratching or patting a coworker's back, grabbing an employee around the waist, or interfering with an employee's ability to move.

EXAMPLES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

• Unwanted jokes, gestures, offensive words on clothing, and unwelcome comments and witty responses.
• Repeated requests for dates that are turned down or unwanted flirting.

EXAMPLES OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

• Transmitting or posting emails, texts, or pictures of a sexual or other harassment-related nature.
• Displaying sexually suggestive objects, pictures, or posters.
• Playing sexually suggestive music.

WHY VICTIMS DON’T REPORT SEXUAL HARASSMENT:

• They feel embarrassed
• They blame themselves
• They don’t trust “the system”
• They don’t want to “rock the boat”
• They are afraid of the harasser or others
• They don’t want to get the harasser into trouble
• They don’t know how to report the harassment

HOW DOES IT FEEL? SEXUAL HARASSMENT VS. FLIRTING AND TEASING

SEXUAL HARASSMENT:

• HURTS
• CAUSES ANGER
• SHAME
• GUILT
• FRUSTRATION
• DISEMPOWERS
• LOWERS SELF ESTEEM
• ENJOYED BY THE HARASSER, NOT THE VICTIM

FLIRTING/FUN TEASING

• FEELS GOOD
• FLATTERING
• EMPOWERING
• MAKES ME FEEL:
• HAPPY
• ATTRACTIVE
• ACCEPTED
• ENHANCES SELF ESTEEM
• IS ENJOYED BY BOTH PERSONS

EFFECTS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

• EMOTIONAL
• ANXIETY
• FEAR
• ANGER
• CONFUSION
• DEPRESSION
• EMBARRASSMENT
• GUILT
• SHAME
• LOWER SELF ESTEEM

• PHYSICAL
• ILLNESS
• WEIGHT GAIN/LOSS
• DRUG/ALCOHOL USE
• SLEEPLESSNESS
• POOR HYGIENE OR SELF CARE

EFFECTS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

• SOCIAL

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• ISOLATION
• LOSS OF FRIENDS
• AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR
• DAMAGED REPUTATION
• ANXIOUS IN OTHER SOCIAL SETTINGS

• EDUCATIONAL/FUTURE

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• POOR GRADES
• ABSENTEEISM
• TARDINESS
• UNFILLED GOALS
• LOSS OF EARNING POWER
• POSSIBLE FIRING
• BAD REPUTATION AS A WHISTLE BLOWER OR NOT A TEAM PLAYER

STEPS TO STOP THE HARASSMENT OR FILE A COMPLAINT

STEPS TO STOP THE HARASSMENT OR FILE A COMPLAINT

• Let the harasser know that his/her conduct is unwanted and unwelcome, and it needs to stop!

STEPS TO STOP THE HARASSMENT OR FILE A COMPLAINT

• Try to use Buddy System or stay in group setting to decrease the opportunities of the harasser
• Document the occurrences – Keep all text messages, face book entries, tweets, letters or any other interaction to support your claim
• Confide in a trusted coworker or friend – Let people you trust know your situation for support and assistance

STEPS TO STOP THE HARASSMENT OR FILE A COMPLAINT

• Tell someone you trust in higher authority – At school your teacher, principal or superintendent; in bigger companies there is a Human Resource Department which is responsible for employee safety and/or assistance

STEPS TO STOP THE HARASSMENT OR FILE A COMPLAINT

• Go to a supervisor and explain the circumstances. Be sure to take with you documented dates, times, and specific occurrences if you have them. Also, report the incident to Human Resources. If the appropriate supervisor is unavailable, or is the offender, report the incident directly to Human Resources

STEPS TO STOP THE HARASSMENT OR FILE A COMPLAINT

• File a police report or restraining order – Remember this only provide you the ability to impose consequences later in the court of law; IT DOES NOT ALWAYS PROTECT OR STOP ACTIONS; you still need to take precautions for your safety