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Goats

Mrs. Taylor

Brawley FFA

BUHS Agriculture Department

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5 biotypes of Goats

  • 1) Indigenous – Wild
  • 2) Dairy/Milk Production
  • 3) Meat Production
  • 4) Mohair Production
  • 5) Exhibition / Pet

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Who’s Who

  • Buck or Billy: intact male
  • Doe or Nanny: female
  • Kid: offspring
  • Wether: castrated male

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Breeds of Goats

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Parts of the Dairy Goat

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Urinary Calculi

  • Problem in male goats
  •  diets that are high in grain, phosphorus, and magnesium and low in roughage (hay or fresh grass) and calcium will increase the risk
  • Signs: blood in urine, off feed, dribble while peeing, slow urination
  • Make sure to feed only a goat feed with calculi preventive medication

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How to trim Hooves�Should be trimmed once a month or as needed

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Health..

  • Diseases and Problems similar to sheep
    • Overeating
    • Parasites (worms)
    • Coccidia
    • Foot rot or scald
    • Pinkeye
    • General sickness
    • Scrapies

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Vitals

  • Temperature 101 – 103 degrees
  • Pulse 70 -80 beats / minute
  • Respiration 20-40 breaths / minute

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Health..

  • Vaccinate for Clostridial organisms, tetanus (CD/T)
  • Vitamin E and Selenium (if needed)
  • Deworm – as needed
  • Goats do not handle cold or wet weather well. Keep in a location that they can get sunlight as needed

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Health..

Deworming

  • Establish a program
  • Check fecal samples
  • Use FAMACHA
    • Deworm only when needed
    • Rule of thumb – Use at 2.5 X cattle rate
    • Rotate wormers yearly or when there is no response

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Health..�Kids 1 to 4 weeks of age

  • Disbud (7 - 10 days) horn removal
  • Castrate (club goats after 8 weeks)
  • Vaccinate with CD/T (14 – 28 days)

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Other Diseases of Concern

  • Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL)
    • Internal and lymph node abscesses
    • Contagious

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Pygmy Goat

  • A pygmy goat is a breed of miniature domestic goat.
  • Pygmy goats tend to be kept as pets primarily
  • The pygmy goat is quite hardy, an asset in a wide variety of settings, and can adapt to virtually all climates
  • Their color can range from white caramel, medium caramel, dark caramel, dark (red) caramel, silver-light grey agouti, medium grey agouti, dark grey agouti, black with frosted points, solid black and agouti

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Dairy �Goat

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5 Reasons Goats milk is better than Cows milk

  • In fact 65% of the milk consumption worldwide is from goat’s milk
  • 1. Goat’s milk is less allergenic.
  • 2. Goat’s milk is naturally homogenized.
  • 3. Goat’s milk is easier to digest.
  • 4. Goat’s milk rarely causes lactose intolerance.
  • 5. Goat’s milk matches up to the human body better than cow’s milk.

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Dairy Goat Udder Score Card

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Angora Goats

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  • One of the oldest textile fibers in use today is Mohair. Mohair is one of the most soft, luxurious, durable and resilient animal fibers. The long silky hair of the Angora Goat is sheared twice a year and spun into a yarn.
  • The hair has characteristics that are similar to wool except that it does not have the scales that can irritate the skin like wool can. It has smooth fibers which gives it luster and shine and the luxury feel like cashmere, angora and silk.
  • The hair won't shrink and is easy to care for.
  • Mohair has been popular for home decor for many years due to its flame resistance, durability and high sound absorbency.

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MEAT GOATS 101

What is a Meat Goat?

Any breed or cross breed of goat that is used in the production of goat meat!

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Boer Goat: Meat Breed

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Goat and Goat Meat Marketing

  • Marketing of goats and goat meat is not well characterized
  • Purchasers of goat meat are generally ethnic consumers
  • Different ethnic groups prefer different types of goat meat (animal age, cut, preparation)

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  • Goat is meat is considered healthier than other meats
  • Meat from a young goat is called capretto
  • Meat from an older goat is called chevre, chevon, mutton
  • The US market prefers the name chevre (French)

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Body Fat

  • The term condition refers to the amount of finish or fat the animal is carrying. Goats deposit fat internally before they do externally. The ideal condition is a thin, but uniform, covering over the loin, rib and shoulder. The external fat thickness over the loin at the 13th rib should be between .08 to .12 inches or an average .1 inch.

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Dressing Percent

  • Dressing Percent - 55%
  • Loin Eye Area – 1 – 3.5 square inches

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Other Carcass Evaluation Criteria

  • Flank lean color – consumers desire light pink meat color
  • Kidney, heart, and pelvic fat- fat is left in carcass to prevent drying, but is waste
  • Subcutaneous fat cover score –
    • external fat deposited behind shoulder and over ribs, not over back or legs
    • depth is not uniformly distributed for measurement

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Lean Flank Color

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Kidney, Heart and Pelvic Fat, %

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Subcutaneous Fat Over Score

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Club Goat Projects..

  • 16 – 18% CP fed free choice
    • Feeders - goat proof
    • Creep feed to 80# - then hand feed
      • 2:1 Ca:P, salt and mineral
      • 1% ammonium chloride
      • Coccidiastat
  • Hay-small amounts
  • Clean fresh water daily

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The End!