1 of 19

Prof Marc F. Muller

Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Science

University of Notre Dame

https://www.marcfmuller.com

2 of 19

What is infrastructure?

3 of 19

What is behind your wall socket?

4 of 19

What is behind your wall socket?

5 of 19

What is behind your wall socket?

6 of 19

What is behind your wall socket?

Wires

Magnet

Axis

MOVEMENT

ELECTRICITY

A Dynamo or “generator” is a motor in reverse

PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE

7 of 19

What kind of primary energy sources are there?

8 of 19

Combustion: Oil, Gas, Coal, Wood, Alcohol, Waste…

HOT!!

COLD!!

9 of 19

Nuclear Fission

HOT!!

HOT!!

COLD!!

10 of 19

Geothermal

No combustion, so no waste and emissions

HOT!!

COLD!!

11 of 19

Solar (concentrated)

HOT!!

COLD!!

12 of 19

Solar (PV)

13 of 19

Wind

14 of 19

Hydropower

15 of 19

So, which primary energy source do we use??

INDIANA

CALIFORNIA

USA

16 of 19

Components of a hydropower dam

Turbine Hall

Turbine

You can chose how many turbines to “turn on”!

Water intake

17 of 19

Components of a hydropower dam

Colorado river…

18 of 19

What do you need to increase to produce more electricity?

Congratulations: you are now a dam manager!

Your task: Chose how many turbines to turn on to produce as much electricity as possible and prevent the dam from overflowing!

https://shorturl.at/hCLQ6

19 of 19

Dams can produce electricity, prevent floods and store water!

… but they also have major issues. Which ones?

https://youtu.be/eGzdOpCisnQ