SENSOR S AND TRANSDUCER
FACULTY- MONESH KUMAR SAHU
SEMESTAR- 5TH AUTO (W21)
SUBLECT- MECHATRONICS
DEFINATION OF TRANSDUCER
A transducer is a device that transforms a signal from one energy form to another energy form. One example is a speaker, which converts an amplifier's electrical energy into sound waves or mechanical energy. Energy forms consist of (but are not confined to) mechanical, electrical, chemical, electromagnetic, thermal and acoustic energy.
CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSDUCERS
RESISTIVE TRANSDUCERS
The transducer whose resistance varies because of the environmental effects such type of transducer is known as the resistive transducer.The resistive transducer is used for measuring the physical quantities like temperature, displacement, vibration etc
CAPACITIVE TRANSDUCERS
The capacitive transducer is used for measuring the displacement, pressure and other physical quantities. The capacitive transducer contains two parallel metal plates. These plates are separated by the dielectric medium which is either air, material, gas or liquid.
INDUCTIVE TRANSDUCERS
An inductive transducer (electromechanical) is an electrical device used to convert physical motion into modifying within inductance. This article discusses what an Inductive Transducer, types of transducer, working principle, and its applications.
ACTIVE TRANSDUCERS
Active transducer is a transducer, which converts the non-electrical quantity into an electrical quantity. Let us consider the non-electrical quantities such as pressure, illumination of light and temperature.
PASSIVE TRANSDUCERS
Passive transducer is a device which converts the given non-electrical energy into electrical energy by external force. Resistance strain gauge, Differential Transformer are the examples for the Passive transducers.
ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS
Electromechanical transducer, any type of device that either converts an electrical signal into sound waves (as in a loudspeaker) or converts a sound wave into an electrical signal (as in the microphone). Many of the transducers used in everyday life operate in both directions, such as the speakerphone on certain intercoms.
TRANSDUCERS ACTUATING MECHANISMS
The actuating mechanism of proposed motor indicates that the key to form a traveling wave in the cylinder is the degeneration between the vibration modes of cylinder and transducer. Then, a composite transducer with near resonance frequency was designed.
DISPLACEMENT SENSOR
A Displacement Sensor is a device that measures the distance between the sensor and an object by detecting the amount of displacement through a variety of elements and converting it into a distance.
POSITION SENSOR
Position sensor is a device that can detect the movement of an object and converts these into signals suitable for processing, transmission, or control.
VELOCITY SENSOR
A velocity receiver (velocity sensor) is a sensor that responds to velocity rather than absolute position. For example, dynamic microphones are velocity receivers.
MOTION SENSOR
A motion sensor (or motion detector) is an electronic device that is designed to detect and measure movement. Motion sensors are used primarily in home and business security systems, but they can also be found in phones, paper towel dispensers, game consoles, and virtual reality systems.
FORCE SENSOR
Force sensor is that it responds to the applied force, as well as converts the value to a measurable quantity. Most force sensors are created with the use of force-sensing resistors. Such sensors consist of electrodes and sensing film.Force-sensing resistors are based on contact resistance. These contain a conductive polymer film, which changes its resistance in a predictable way once force is applied on the surface.
PRESSURE SENSOR
A pressure sensor is a device that senses pressure and converts it into an electric signal where the amount depends upon the pressure applied.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
A temperature sensor is an electronic device that measures the temperature of its environment and converts the input data into electronic data to record, monitor, or signal temperature changes.
LIGHT SENSOR
The light sensor is a passive device that converts the light energy into an electrical signal output. Light sensors are more commonly known as Photoelectric Devices or Photo Sensors because they convert light energy (photons) into electronic signal (electrons). Phototransistors, photoresistors, and photodiodes are some of the more common type of light intensity sensors