The latest cancer therapies
Taro Handai, Department of Biology , School of Science, Osaka University
1.Introduction
Do you know three major therapies of cancer?
They are “ Surgical treatment ” , “ Radiation therapy ” and “ Chemotherapy ”.
Using these methods , people have been trying to cure cancer.
The accumulation of efforts for curing cancer , cancer therapies have
evolved and now , there are many kinds of cancer therapies.
The aim of this study is that you know about the latest cancer therapies.
And I want you to think about the future of cancer therapies.
Surgical treatment
(1804 . Japan)
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
History of cancer therapy
(1896 . Germany)
(1946 . America)
2.Cancer therapy by biology
In our body , cells carry out signaling between cells.
When cells do it , cells use “ exosome ”.
Exosome is original for each types of cell.
Cell B
Signal
transduction
Cell A
Exosome A
Each types of cancer can also release original exosomes.
And it reaches blood vessel’s cells of particular organ
and weaken cells of the blood vessel’s wall.
As a result , cancer cell can invade the particular organ.
Cancer cell
exosome
The target organ of cancer cell depends on exosome.
release
Lung cancer
Weaken cells
of the blood vessel’s wall
Stomach cells
time pass
Cancer cells can invade
to stomach cells
exosome
Each types of cancer can release the original exosome.
Breast cancer
release
Exosome A
Exosome B
move
move
We can detect what type of cancer we have
by investigating drop of blood.
This is because blood includes exosome of cancer.
The way leads to the early detection of cancer.
release
α6β4
3.Cancer therapy by physics and chemistry
The size is 5 nm.
It is harmless to our body.
It has physical property of react to magnetic.
Nano-Diamond
Magnetic
Near-infrared
Next , I’d like to introduce the cancer therapy
by applying basic research of physics and chemistry.
The technology is “ Nano-Diamond ”.
Nano-Diamond
Synthetic Nano-Diamonds can connect with antibody.
The antibody can connect with cancer cell easily.
So if you inject it to your body and take a MRI ,
you can detect the place of small cancer.
Antibody
Nano-Diamond
Cancer cell
4. Discussion
“ When discovered early , almost all cancers are curable. ”
So recent trend of cancer research is to develop new ways
of finding early-stage-cancer accurately.
These technologies I introduced today are just an example.
From studying about cancer , I recognized again that
many Academic fields contribute to cure and find cancer , and
new technologies are heavily supported by basic research.
We must not forget that all basic research will contribute to
develop new technologies someday.
Activation
or
Inactivation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3843988/
Retrieved from URL:
https://www.sciencealert.com/new-blood-test-can-detect-the-early-stages-of-pancreatic-cancer