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Landlines, Texting, and Radios

Communicating After a Disaster

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Ann Forrest

  • Volunteer, Office of Emergency Management
  • Coordinator, North Seattle Emergency Communication Hubs
  • Retired - U.S. Navy Nurse / Health Care Administrator

Welcome to…

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Flow of the Class:

  1. Landlines
  2. Texting
  3. Radios
  4. Other options
  5. Power your cell phone from a car battery

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After an earthquake…

  1. Take care of yourself and those around you
  2. Control your utilities
  3. Check in with family and friends
  4. Put your plan into action

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Making Contact

LANDLINES

  • Copper lines or VOIP
    • 5-10%
  • Overwhelmed

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TEXT is BEST

  • Include date/time in every text
  • Make it count!

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  • Spokane or further east
  • Tell them what to do
  • Give them a to-do list (calls, social media, etc.)

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Out-Of-Town Contact

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Making Contact

Remember to…

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❑ Designate an Out-Of-Town Contact (OOTC)

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❑ Make multiple copies of important phone numbers! (Include your OOTC)

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❑ Tuck copies in backpacks, purses, wallets, glovebox, desk drawers, commuter bags, lockers, etc.

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❑ Talk about how you’ll reconnect if an earthquake struck on an average day when folks are out-and-about

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RADIOS After Disasters

WHY?

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  1. Don’t need Internet or Electricity
  2. Relatively low power
  3. Portable
  4. Infrastructure in place
    • Frequencies reserved for different uses
    • No organizing on the fly
  5. Redundant (reliable) system

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Communicate with?

My neighborhood FRS

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My neighborhood

Across the city GMRS

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My neighborhood

Across the city

Denver / Sweden HAM

Bands of frequencies are reserved for different purposes

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Consider:

  1. Power (watts)
    1. Signal travels farther
    2. Clearer signal

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Types of radios

  1. FRS = Family Radio Service
  2. GMRS = General Mobile Radio Service
  3. HAM = Amateur Radio

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Repeaters

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Repeaters “forward” the signal

for long distance communication.

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Input frequency

Output frequency

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GMRS Repeaters (Seattle)

Bands of frequencies are reserved for different purposes

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Consider:

  1. Power (watts)
    1. Signal travels farther
    2. Clearer signal

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#6

Maple Leaf Reservoir Park

#4

Magnolia

#1

West Seattle

#2

Beacon Hill

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Radio Comparison

 

FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

License covers

 

household

individual

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

License covers

 

household

individual

Test?

no

no

yes

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428 “possible” questions

Test - 35 questions

26 correct to pass

Test - $15

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

License covers

 

household

individual

Test?

no

no

yes

What can you transmit

voice

voice

voice, video, and digital

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​

​

​

​

​

​

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

License covers

 

household

individual

Test?

no

no

yes

What can you transmit

voice

voice

voice, video, and digital

Cost of license

 

$70 / 10 years

$0 / 10 years

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

License covers

 

household

individual

Test?

no

no

yes

What can you transmit

voice

voice

voice, video, and digital

Cost of license

 

$70 / 10 years

$0 / 10 years

Changing to...

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$35 / 10 years

$35 / 10 years

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Range

~1 mile

1-2 miles w/o repeaters

2 miles w/o repeaters

License?

no

yes

yes

License covers

 

household

individual

Test?

no

no

yes (~$15)

What can you transmit

voice

voice

voice, video, and digital

Cost of license

 

$70 / 10 years

free / life

Changing to...

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$35 / 10 years

$35 / 10 years?

Cost of radio

$30

$60

$45+

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Test

0

0

$15

License / 10 years

0

$70/10 yrs

$0/10 yrs

Radio

$30

$60

$45+

Initial cost (now)

$30

$130

$60

SUMMARY

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Test

0

0

$15

License / 10 years

0

$70/10 yrs

$0/10 yrs

Radio

$30

$60

$45+

Initial cost (now)

$30

$130

$60

Initial cost (soon)

$30

$95

$95

SUMMARY

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Test

0

0

$15

License / 10 years

0

$70/10 yrs

$0/10 yrs

Radio

$30

$60

$45+

Initial cost (now)

$30

$130

$60

Initial cost (soon)

$30

$95

$95

PROs

Easy

Inexpensive

No test

Distance

SUMMARY

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Test

0

0

$15

License / 10 years

0

$70/10 yrs

$0/10 yrs

Radio

$30

$60

$45+

Initial cost (now)

$30

$130

$60

Initial cost (soon)

$30

$95

$95

PROs

Easy

Inexpensive

No test

Distance

CONs

Very

Limited

Range

Every household needs a license

Every

radio

needs a license

SUMMARY

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FRS

GMRS

HAM

Test

0

0

$15

License / 10 years

0

$70/10 yrs

$0/10 yrs

Radio

$30

$60

$45+

Initial cost (now)

$30

$130

$60

Initial cost (soon)

$30

$95

$95

PROs

Easy

Inexpensive

No test

Distance

CONs

Very

Limited

Range

Every household needs a license

Every

radio

needs a license

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Test

SUMMARY

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Radio FAQs

  1. Which radio is better?

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  • Can I reach someone in Renton on a GMRS radio?

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  • How about Edmonds? Belleville? Issaquah?

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  • Do the GMRS repeaters have battery back-up? How long will they last?

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  • Do the HAM repeaters have battery back-up? How long will they last?

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  • How hard is the HAM radio test?

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  • Where are the HAM repeaters in Seattle?

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  • What GMRS radio do you recommend?

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Flow of the Class:

  1. Landlines
  2. Texting
  3. Radios
  4. Other options
  5. Power your cell phone from a car battery

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Other Options

Portable Mesh Network

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  • No internet or cell signal needed
  • Pairs with your smartphone
  • Send text and GPS locations
  • Range 1-6 miles
  • $180 - $250 for 2 units

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Other Options

Satellite Emergency Messengers

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  • Use satellites
  • Pricey ($250 - $450)
  • Subscription?

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Power from a car battery

Cell Phone

Option #1

Sit in your car, turn the key in the ignition, and pull power from the cigarette lighter or USB port

- Inefficient, entire car is energized

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Option #2

Charge directly from your car battery

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Battery adaptor ($10)

Car Battery

Charging directly from your car battery

Cigarette lighter adaptor ($5)

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Adaptor ($10)

Car Battery

Charging directly from your car battery

Inverter ($50)

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A healthy car battery should be able to charge a smartphone 20-30 times.

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While still being able to start the vehicle.

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Double the number of charges if the car battery is being fully drained.

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* If you use an “inverter”, you lose 25% of the available power.

A healthy car battery should be able to charge a smartphone 17-22 times.

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Power from a car battery

Radio

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Adaptor ($10)

Car Battery

Charging directly from your car battery

Inverter ($50)

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Adaptor ($10)

Car Battery

Battery

Eliminator

($20)

Using a car battery to power a radio

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Adaptor Cigarette lighter adapter

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Inverter Battery Eliminator

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Wrap Up…

  • Landlines
  • Texting
  • Radios
  • Other options
  • Power from a car battery
      • Phone
      • Radio
      • Other items

Make a Plan.

How will you reconnect if an earthquake strikes on an average day when household members are out-and-about

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Questions?

Don’t be afraid to reach out…

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