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Unit: Acids, Bases, and Solutions

Properties of Acids and Bases

Day 3 - Notes

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After today, you should be able to…

Define an acid and base according to the Arrhenius definition
Review the correct way to write the names and formulas for acids and bases
Describe and list properties that pertain to acids and bases

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There are three different types of definitions for acids and bases, but for our purposes we will only work with one: Arrhenius.

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Acids

An Arrhenius acid is an ionic compound that has the H⁺ ion as its cation.

Acids have a sour taste �(Ex: citric acid)
Acids will cause indicators to change colors

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Indicators: Are substances that change color based on pH.

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Acids

Turn litmus paper pink or red
The pH of acids is less than 7
Acids will react with metals in a single replacement reaction called corrosion.
Acids will react with bases in a double replacement reaction called neutralization.

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Bases

An Arrhenius base is an ionic compound that has the OH^- ion as its anion.

Bases have a bitter taste
Bases are slippery (Ex: soap)
Bases will cause indicators to change colors

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Bases

Bases change litmus paper blue.
The pH of bases is greater than 7.
Bases will react with acids (neutralization)

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Review: Naming and Formula �Writing for Bases

Use typical rules for naming ionic compounds:

NaOH ___________________

Mg(OH)₂___________________

aluminum hydroxide ________

Sodium hydroxide

magnesium hydroxide

Al⁺³ (OH)^-1

Al(OH)₃

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Review: Naming and Formula �Writing for Acids

If the anion ends in…

“ide” then, ___________________

“ate” then, ___________________

“ite” then, ____________________

hydro____ic acid

____ic acid

____ous acid

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Review: Naming and Formula �Writing for Acids

For acids, look at the anion ending!

H₃PO₃ ___________________

HBr ___________________

carbonic acid ______________

phosphorous acid

hydrobromic acid

H⁺¹ (CO₃)^-2

H₂CO₃

“phosphite”

“bromide”

“ic” must have been “ate”

Remember H⁺¹ is always the cation for acids!

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Questions?

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