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Basal Ganglia - Self study guide

Master Course Advanced Neurobiology �Autumn 2021

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A lecture by Paul de Roos, �Neurologist & Movement disorder fellow

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Course Learning objectives

  • describe and analyse the importance of basic neurophysiology and neuronal network activity for brain function and normal neuronal development and when disturbed, what problems may arise and why

For this lecture add: with regards to the basal ganglia

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Learning objectives

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Learning objectives:

be able to describe

  • Key anatomical structures forming the basal ganglia
  • 3 circuits of basal ganglia function
  • Examples of function & dysfunction for each circuit

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https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Basal_ganglia_and_related_structures_%282%29.svg

Write down structure names

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png

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The motor circuit

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Learning objectives:

be able to describe & draw

  • Direct and indirect pathway and it´s effect with function and dysfunction
  • How outputs of basal ganglia structures are modulated normally and when causing hyper and hypokinetic states
  • The role of GABA and Glutamate

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Name the structures in the diagram

Glutamatergic

GABAergic

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Draw the Glutamatergic and GABAergic connections

Cortex

Putamen

SNPC

SNPR/GPi

Thalamus

GPe

STN

Glutamatergic

GABAergic

D2

D1

Brainstem spinal cord

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Cortex

Putamen

SNPC

SNPR/GPi

Thalamus

GPe

STN

D2

D1

Brainstem spinal cord

Draw the direct pathway

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Cortex

Putamen

SNPC

SNPR/GPi

Thalamus

GPe

STN

D2

D1

Brainstem spinal cord

Draw the indirect pathway

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Cortex

Putamen

SNPC

SNPR/GPi

Thalamus

GPe

STN

Excitatory connections

Inhibitory connections

D2

D1

Brainstem spinal cord

What does the signaling look like with Parkinson´s disease?

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Cortex

Putamen

SNPC

SNPR/GPi

Thalamus

GPe

STN

Excitatory connections

Inhibitory connections

D2

D1

Brainstem spinal cord

What does the signaling look like with Huntingtons disease?