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HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMATICS

UNDERSTANDING MATTER & ENERGY FLUIDS

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UNDERSTANDING MATTER & ENERGY FLUIDS

3.6  explain in qualitative terms the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature when a liquid (e.g., water) or a gas (e.g., air) is compressed or heated

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CURRICULUM

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COMPRESSIBILITY

the compressibility of a substance is a measure of it’s ability to be squeezed into a smaller volume

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SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

very little space

between particles

very little space

between particles

lots of space

between particles

ALMOST

NO

COMPRESSIBILITY

ALMOST

NO

COMPRESSIBILITY

HIGH

COMPRESSIBILITY

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COMPRESSIBILITY

SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

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we create systems �using compressed fluids

  • PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS use gasses that are under pressure

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  • HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS use liquids that are under pressure

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PNEUMATIC

HYDRAULIC

GASSES under pressure

LIQUIDS under pressure

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PNEUMATIC

HYDRAULIC

GASSES under pressure

LIQUIDS under pressure

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PASCAL’S�LAW

a force applied to a fluid is distributed equally in all directions

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FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

FORCE

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PASCAL’S LAW

When the thumb puts pressure on the balloon, the water comes out all of the holes with the same force.

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This shows us that the pressure from the thumb is distributed equally throughout the fluid.

A balloon with small holes in it is filled with water.

FORCE

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hydraulic systems are considered �FORCE MULTIPLIERS

  • pushing on a small plunger at one end of the system will put pressure on the fluid

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  • this pressure will be distributed equally throughout the fluid and will raise another, larger plunger the same amount

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hydraulic systems are considered �FORCE MULTIPLIERS

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hydraulic systems are considered �FORCE MULTIPLIERS

Area = 4000 cm2

Car = 16 000 N

A car weighing 16,000 N is placed on a hydraulic car lift (piston B as shown). How much force (F1)is required at Piston A to lift the car at Piston B?

PISTON

B

PISTON

A

Area = 50 cm2

🡪 🡪 🡪 🡪 🡪 🡪 🡪

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  • Pneumatic Systems
  • Hydraulic Systems

ADD IT TO THE

W

WORD

W

WALL

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