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Meeting NJCS Standards for Grades 6-8 with Physical Computing

By

Roseanna Misuraca

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Agenda

  1. Introductions
  2. Challenge of Implementing CS Standards
  3. Overview of Physical Computing
  4. Makey Makey
  5. Micro:bit
  6. Smart Phone
  7. Other Physical Computing options
  8. Looking ahead
  9. Resources

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Roseanna Misuraca

  • Edgar Middle School, Metuchen School District
  • Computer Science - Grades 5 - 8
  • Facilitator for Code.org’s CS Discoveries
  • Consultant for both the Rutgers EIR project and CS HUB.
  • Contributing member of the NJSLS K-12 CS Standards writing team.
  • Director of The Zone - After School program at Edgar
  • 3 wonderful kids ! � Sarah(Nurse Practitioner)� Jonathan (Landscape Architect)� Diana (Occupational Therapist ‘24)

Arcade Day January 28, 2022

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Contact Information

& Resources

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TEACHER CURRICULAR

NJSLS Computer Science Standard 8.1

  • Computing Systems
  • Networks and the Internet
  • Impacts of Computing
  • Data and Analysis
  • Algorithms and Programming

TEACHER CENTERED

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Challenge

Introduce the NJSLS Computer Science 8.1 Standards

to Edgar Middle School

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STUDENT

LEARNING SPACE

  • Relevant - meaningful connection to their lives
  • Belong - relationships - collaboration - impact
  • More choices and autonomy (self-direction)
  • High engagement - active learning
  • Connect academic success to effort

STUDENT CENTERED

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Engaged - Curious - Creative

Physical Computing

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What is physical computing?

An interactive computing system that can sense and respond to the world around us.

A physical computing project typically involves the use of an embedded microcontroller.

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Makey Makey

  • No special coding - plug and play!
  • Comes pre-programmed.
  • Considered an Activity Board Microcontroller
  • Can’t operate on it’s own - needs to be connected to a PC
  • Encourages you to find new ways to interact with your computer
  • Make any conductive material act as an input device for a computer
  • 6 INPUT on front 12 INPUT back
  • $49.95 each

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Why do I like using the Makey Makey with students?

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How does the MaKey MaKey work?

MaKey MaKey works through opening and closing circuits, just like any other button. Instead of the circuit being closed underneath your keyboard, the circuit is closed through the conductive objects you connect with alligator clips like your hand or your lunch or some tinfoil. When the circuit is closed, the MaKey MaKey sends a command to your computer, just like when a button is pressed on a keyboard.

- MaKey MaKey website

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“It taught me a lot about trial and error, and how to fix problems that were unexpected” � - Caroline

COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Core Idea: The study of human–computer interaction can improve the design of devices and extend the abilities of humans.

Performance Expectations: 8.1.8.CS.1: Recommend improvements to computing devices in order to improve the ways users interact with the devices.

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ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING

Core Idea: Programs use procedures to organize code and hide implementation details. Procedures can be repurposed in new programs. Defining parameters for procedures can generalize behavior and increase reusability

Performance Expectations: 8.1.8.AP.4: Decompose problems and subproblems into parts to facilitate the design, implementation, and review of programs.

“ I am extremely happy and had a lot of fun creating the game. I like how I made moving notes and different places to go to. All the details like the room decor and sprites took a lot of time but were important to me.” � - Marina

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Arcade Game Input Challenge

Create an input device using simple household supplies and the Makey Makey

Grade 7

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COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Core Idea: Troubleshooting a problem is more effective when knowledge of the specific device along with a systematic process is used to identify the source of a problem.

Performance Expectations: 8.1.8.CS.4: Systematically apply troubleshooting strategies to identify and resolve hardware and software problems in computing systems.

“ I am extremely happy with our basketball hoop. It took a few tries but , we figure it out.” - Luke

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Learner Centered Approach

  • Connected to their own interest
  • Created more personalized solutions to the problem
  • Differentiated
  • Challenging
  • Constructed their own knowledge

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Names: Elizabeth A, Elina T, Elisa T, Fiza Z, Chelsey S

Describe your input device

Its a wheel that allows you to drive a car on scratch

How does it work?

  • To start the game, you have to tap your whole foot once on the accelerator. For the movement of the game, the alligator clips are attached to the left and right side of tilt sensor that is attached to the backside of the steering wheel. It re-enacts as a real car. When you turn the wheel left, the ball inside of the tilt moves to the left side’s paperclip ( which is attached to an alligator clip ) which then alerts the game to move the car to the left side. It’s the same for the right side.

Insert picture here

What are you most proud of?

We are most proud of the drivers wheel we crafted. It functions similarly to a real one and it’s covered in black tape similar to black leather. The button resembles a accelerator. It’s placed on the floor like a real one. The stand for the wheel is also pretty impressive it’s like one in a car would be except made out of cardboard.

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Names: Sam and Julian

Describe your input device

The input works when the tinfoil rod hits the tinfoil on the inside of the box. Completing the circuit there is a box connected to the flight stick that helps it stay up.

How does it work?

The way it works is the plane stick is attached to a long tube/stick made of tin foil. There is also a box that has 4 pieces of tin foil taped to its sides. When the tube of tin foil touches each side, it closes the circuit and moves the plane to the corresponding side

Insert picture here

What are you most proud of?

We are most proud of craft part of the project. We are impressed with ourselves because we were able to make a plane stick that looks like the real thing.

Link to video demo.

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IMPACT OF COMPUTING

Core Idea: Society is faced with trade-offs due to the increasing globalization and automation that computing brings.

Performance Expectations: 8.1.8.IC.2: Describe issues of bias and accessibility in the design of existing technologies.

Xbox Adaptive Controller - $99.000

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micro:bit

  • Self-contained physical computing devices
  • Accelerometer, Temp & Light Sensor, Compass
  • Block coding, JavaScript, Python or Scratch
  • Version 2 Go Bundle - $18.50

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So many wonderful micro:bit resources

microbit.org - projects, lessons, example code

makecode.microbit.org - online editor both block or Javascript

https://python.microbit.org/v/2 - Python editor

NYC Computer Science For All - Introduction To Physical Computing - 54 hour long course using the micro:bit

Instructables - great micro:bit project ideas

Free Professional Education - offered by Pathfinders and Infosys Foundation

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Why do I love the micro:bit?

Code.org CS Discoveries

Unit 1 - Problem Solving and Computing

Lesson 4: What is a Computer?

Lesson 5: Input & Output

Lesson 6: Processing

Lesson 7: Storage

Relevant experience

Early success

Engaging

Hands-on

First introduction to coding

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COMPUTING SYSTEMS

Core Idea: Software and hardware determine a computing system’s capability to store and process information. The design or selection of a computing system involves multiple considerations and potential trade-offs.

Performance Expectations: 8.1.5.CS.2 Model how computer software and hardware work together as a system to accomplish tasks

8.1.8.CS.2 Design a system that combines hardware and software components to process data.

“ We walked around the school and measured how many steps we took. I can’t believe I made it myself.” - Lia

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Everyday Items

Create your own nightlight, door alarm, step counter, hand held game, motion alarm or a radio transmitter Grade 6

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ALGORITHMS & PROGRAMMING

Core Idea: Individuals design and test solutions to identify problems taking into consideration the diverse needs of the users and the community.

Performance Expectations: 8.1.8.AP.6: Refine a solution that meets users’ needs by incorporating feedback from team members and users.

“ I love playing games and making them. ” - Manny

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Smart Phone

  • Student favorite
  • Does not fit your typical Physical Computing device model but it is an interactive computing system that can sense and respond to the world around us.
  • Relevant to their lives!

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Apps for Good

Using the UN Sustainable Goals, students are asked to create an app to help address one of the goals.

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DESIGNING APPS FOR GOOD

Practice # 3: Recognizing and Defining Computational Problems - Identify complex, interdisciplinary, real world problems that can be solved computationally. �

8.1.8.AP.1 Design and illustrate algorithms that solve complex problems using flowcharts and /or pseudocode (paper prototype)

��

8.1.8.AP.4 Decompose problems and subproblems into parts to facilitate the design, implementation, and review of programs.

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8.1.8.AP.6 Refine a solution that meets users needs �by incorporating feedback from team members or users

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Other Physical Computing Options

Adafruit Circuit Playground Express - Self-contained physical computing devices - $24.95, Microsoft MakeCode block-based or Javascript plus CS Discoveries Unit 6

Arduino - Stand-alone microcontroller - lots of choices - Arduino Uno Rev3 $24.20 or the Arduino UNO Mini $47.30

Raspberry Pi 4 - Single board computers - popular choice Raspberry Pi 4 - $35.00

Sensors, LEDS, Relays, Motors and other Controlled Devices - MonkMakes - $27.95

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Review

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Raspberry Pi, Arduino, Adafruit, Sensors, Motors

  • Coding knowledge is necessary
  • More complex
  • Price point is low relative to capability

Smart Phone

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  • Students’ prize possession
  • Lots of tools to build apps - Code.org, Thunkable, MIT App Lab, etc.
  • Challenging real world problems and very relevant to students

Makey Makey

7

  • No coding - easy to start
  • Can be pricey if trying to buy a set of 25 at $50 each
  • Simple and cheap supplies
  • Very creative projects
  • Good resources available

micro:bit

6

  • Inexpensive - under $20 per unit
  • Various coding options
  • Great resources
  • JavaScript, Python, Scratch

GRADE

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STUDENT

LEARNING SPACE

TEACHER �CURRICULAR

NJSLS Computer Science Standard 8.1

  • Computing Systems
  • Networks and the Internet
  • Impacts of Computing
  • Data and Analysis
  • Algorithms and Programming

  • Relevant
  • Belong
  • Collaboration
  • Choices
  • Autonomy (self-direction)
  • Accomplished

Physical Computing Projects

TEACHER CENTERED

LEARNER CENTERED

STUDENT CENTERED

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Benefits of Physical Computing

Challenging - Problem Solving - Critical Thinking - Computational Thinking - Learner Driven - Hand-on Learning - Creative - Engaging - Tangible - Relevant

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Thinking Ahead

3d printing, �Drones, �Smart Classroom, Virtual Reality

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“Education is not an affair of “telling” and being told, but an active and constructive process”.

  • John Dewey