Engineering Profession

What is Computer Engineering?

Designing, constructing, implementing, and maintaining software and hardware components of modern computing systems and computer-controlled equipment.

Salary for Computer Engineers

• Average Entry Level Salary: $75,953

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• Average Annual Salary: $136,230

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• Top 10% Average Salary: $208,000

Source: payscale.com (May 2022), National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimate (May 2021), and United States Department of Labor (May 2021)

1987

2022

Computers

Then & Now

Python Programming Language

Vocabulary and set of grammatical rules

for instructing a computer

to perform tasks

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(Syntax)

Python

• Emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation.
• Companies that use Python are Spotify, Facebook, Netflix, Quora, Dropbox, Instagram, and Reddit.

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Python Basics

• Can execute by writing in the command line
• Indentation to indicate a block of code
• use the same number of spaces in the same block of code
• Variables created when assigned a value
• no command for declaring a variable
• Comments start with a #

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Python Fundamentals

• Variables and Functions
• Mechanisms used to solve small problems but can be combined to solve larger problems.
• Conditionals
• If the answer to the question is true, one solution; If the answer to the question is false, another solution.
• Loops
• Perform an action again and again and again.
• File Input/Output
• Read and load information from files; write and save information to files.

Variables

• Storage containers for data values.
• No need to declare with any type and can change type.
• Declare string variables by using single or double quotes.

Naming Rules

• Must start with a letter or the underscore character
• Cannot start with a number
• Can only contain alpha-numeric (A-z, 0-9 ) characters and underscores (_)
• Case-sensitive (age, Age and AGE are three different variables)

File Input/Output

• Open() function opens files for reading, appending, writing, and creating.
• Two parameters needed: filename and mode.
• Four different methods (modes) for opening a file
1. "r" - Read - Default value. Opens a file for reading, error if the file does not exist
2. "a" - Append - Opens a file for appending, creates the file if it does not exist
3. "w" - Write - Opens a file for writing, creates the file if it does not exist
4. "x" - Create - Creates the specified file, returns an error if the file exists

Python First Program

• Create Python folder in Documents folder.
• Download python executable: python-3.11.0_amd64.exe (https://www.python.org/downloads/); release date – Oct. 24, 2022; select Recommended file.
• Open .exe file and select Customize Installation
• Click Next. Click Browse. Select Documents\Python. Click OK. Click Install. Click Close.
• Download code text editor, Notepad++ (https://notepad-plus-plus.org/downloads/v8.4.7/); Download 64-bit x64. Double-click to open. Follow prompts.
• Use windows search bar to find “Manage app execution aliases”
• Turn App Installer for python.exe off
• Use windows search bar to find “Control Panel”
• Navigate to System and Security>System>Advanced system settings>Environmental Variables>Path>Edit>New>your python.exe path(C:\Documents\Python\)>OK>OK>OK
• Use windows search bar to open “CMD”
• Type path
• Type cd Documents\Python\
• Open Notepad++
• Create hello.py code – See separate document (hellocode.txt) make edits and save in Documents\Python directory
• In CMD window type python hello.py.
• Send me your output file in Blackboard or email.

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Functions

• Block of code which only runs when called.
• Can pass data (arguments) into a function.
• Can return data as a result.

Usage Rules

1. Define with the keyword – def.
2. Call by using the function name followed by parenthesis.
3. Place arguments after the function name, inside the parentheses.
4. Add unlimited number of arguments (separate with a comma).

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Python Second Program

• Open Notepad++
• Create favoritefood.py code – See separate document (favoritefoodcode.txt), make edits and save in Documents\Python directory
• In CMD window, navigate to Python directory
• Type python favoritefood.py.
• Send me your output file in Blackboard or email.

Conditionals

• If statement written by using the if keyword.
• elif keyword used to say "if the previous conditions were not true, then try this condition".
• else keyword catches anything which isn't caught by the preceding conditions.

Logical Operators

• and Returns True if both statements are true
• or Returns True if one of the statements is true
• not Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true

Main Assignment Operator

= Assigns a value to a variable

Conditionals

Comparison Operators

+ Addition

- Subtraction

* Multiplication

/ Division

% Modulus (remainder)

** Exponentiation

== Equal

!= Not equal

> Greater than

< Less than

>= Greater than or equal to

<= Less than or equal to

Arithmetic Operators

Python Third Program

• Open Notepad++
• Create favoritenumber.py code – See separate document (favoritenumbercode.txt), make edits, and save in Documents\Python directory
• In CMD window, navigate to Python directory
• Type python favoritenumber.py to run program.
• Send me your output file in Blackboard or email.

Loops

• While
• Execute a set of statements as long as a condition is true.
• Break
• Stops the loop even if the while condition is true:
• For
• Execute a set of statements, once for each item in a list, tuple, set etc.

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Python Fourth Program

• Open Notepad++
• Create addnumbers.py code – See separate document (addnumberscode.txt), make edits, and save in Documents\Python directory
• In CMD window, navigate to Python directory
• Type python addnumbers.py to run program.
• Send me your output file in Blackboard or email.

Courtesy: Venus Glenn