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Muscular System

Unit 11 Lesson 5

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Explain the function of the muscular system
Describe care interventions for clients experiencing muscular problems
Identify specific muscular signs and symptoms that are reported to the nurse

Student Learning Outcomes

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The Muscular System

Consists of muscles, bones, and connective tissues
Connective Tissues

Ligaments

Connect bones to bones

Tendons

Connect muscles to bones

Cartilage

Provides flexibility and cushions joints

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Functions of the Muscular System

Movement and Support

Gross Motor Skills

Large movements
Example: Walking

Fine Motor Skills

Small movements
Example: Writing

Structural Support

Protects vital organs
Example: Skull protects the brain

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Functions of the Muscular System continued…

Bone marrow produces blood cells
Stores essential minerals

Example: Calcium

Contains networks for nutrient transport
Bone Density and Aging

Bone density decreases with age
Reduced density increases fracture risk
Weight-bearing activities help maintain bone health

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Critical Thinking Question

A resident asks why exercise is important for muscles. Which of the following is the best explanation the nurse's aide can provide based on the reading material?

A) Exercise improves muscle appearance.

B) Exercise helps skeletal muscles maintain posture and generate body heat.

C) Exercise increases the risk of muscle injury.

D) Exercise is mainly for professional athletes.

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Types of Muscle Tissue

Skeletal Muscle

Creates movement and helps maintain posture
Voluntary control, needs nervous system signals
Connects to bones via tendons

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Types of Muscle Tissue continued…

Involuntary Muscles

Smooth Muscle

Operates in digestive and respiratory systems

Cardiac Muscle

Functions in the heart

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Nursing Interventions for Muscular Problems

Promoting Mobility

Encourage weight-bearing activities for bone health
Support clients in independent movement

Dietary Recommendations

Protein for tissue growth

Lean meats, low-fat dairy

Calcium for bone strength

Dairy, leafy greens

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Critical Thinking Question

A resident recovering from hip surgery is hesitant to move due to pain. As a nurse's aide, what is the best course of action to promote mobility while considering the resident's comfort?

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Managing Musculoskeletal Conditions

Osteoarthritis

Chronic joint inflammation due to wear and tear
Comfort Measures

Ice and heat applications
Use of topical medications
Repositioning and massage for relief

Personalize interventions to individual needs

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Critical Thinking Question

A resident with osteoarthritis is experiencing joint pain. Which intervention should a nurse's aide prioritize to help alleviate discomfort?

A) Encourage extended periods of rest.

B) Recommend trying home remedies.

C) Advise the resident to avoid movement altogether.

D) Apply ice or heat, and assist with gentle exercises if comfortable.

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Reporting Muscular Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms to Monitor

Pain or stiffness in muscles and joints
Swelling or redness in affected areas
Reduced movement capability

Importance of Reporting

Early detection allows timely intervention
Coordination with nurses for effective management

Sandquist-Reuter, 2023

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Critical Thinking Question

A resident reports swelling and limited movement in the knee. What should the nurse's aide do first?

A) Reassure the resident that swelling is normal.

B) Report the symptoms to the nurse immediately.

C) Suggest rest without reporting.

D) Monitor the symptoms for a few days.

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References

Sandquist-Reuter, M. (2023). Nursing Assistant. WisTech Open. https://wtcs.pressbooks.pub/nurseassist/

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