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Foot Anatomy�

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Bone Anatomy

  • Tarsal Bones
    • Calcaneus
      • Sustentaculum Tali
      • Peroneal Tubercle
    • Cuboid
    • Navicular
    • 3 Cuneiforms
    • 5 metatarsals
    • 5 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)
      • Exception

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Division of the Foot

  • Rearfoot
  • Midfoot
  • Forefoot

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Hindfoot (Rearfoot)

  • Subtalor Joint
    • Talus and calcaneus articulation
    • Individual Bone Formation
      • Calcaneus
        • Calcaneal Tuberosity
        • Sustentaculum Tali
      • Inferior Talus
        • Three facets
        • Five functional articulation

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Midfoot

  • Composed of
    • Navicular
    • 3 cuneiforms
    • cuboid

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Forefoot

  • 5 MT’s
    • Proximally 1-3 articulate with cuneiforms
    • Proximally 4-5 articulate with cuboid
    • Bases articulate with:
  • Phalanges

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Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Subtalor Joint
    • Three facets
    • Motions of the Subtalor Joint
      • Supination Components
      • Pronation Components
    • WB vs NWB Status of Foot at Subtalor joint

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Hindfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Subtalor Joint
    • Ligamentous Support
      • Intra-articular Ligaments
        • Interosseous Talocalcaneal
        • Ligamentum Cervis
        • Medial Talocalcaneal
        • Lateral Talocalcaneal

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Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Six Joints
    • Talocalcaneonavicular
    • Calcaneocuboid
    • Cuboideonavicular
    • Intercuneiform
    • Cuneocuboid
    • Cuneonavicular
  • Transverse Tarsal
    • Comprised by calcaneocuboid & talonavicular
  • Stability Related to subtalor joint

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Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Ligamentous Support
    • Talocalcaneonacicular Joint
      • Plantar Clacaneonavicular (Spring Ligament)
      • Talonavicular
      • Bifurcate
        • Calcaneonavicular
        • Calcaneocuboid
    • Calcaneocuboid Joint
      • Bifurcate Ligament
        • Calcaneocuboid portion
      • Plantar Calcaneocuboid
      • Long Plantar Ligament

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Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Ligamentous Support
    • Intercuneiform Joints
      • Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments
    • Cuneocuboid
      • Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments
    • Cuneonavicular Joints
      • Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

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Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Tarsometatarsal Joint (Lisfranc’s Joint
  • Intermetatarsal Joint
  • Metatarsalphalangeal Joint (MTP)
  • Interphalangeal Joint
    • PIP
    • DIP

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Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

  • Ligamentous Support
    • Intermetatarsal Joint
      • Proximal
      • Distal
    • MTP Joints
      • Plantar Fascia
      • Plantar Ligament
      • MCL and LCL
    • Interphalangeal Joints
      • Plantar and dorsal joint capsule
      • MCL and LCL

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Arches of the Foot

  • Function
  • Medial Longitudinal Arch
  • Lateral Longitudinal Arch
  • Transverse Arch

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch
    • Calcaneus
    • Talus
    • Navicular
    • 1-3 cuneiforms
    • 1-3 MT’s
    • Function

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Ligament Support
      • Plantar Calcaneonavicular
      • Long Plantar Lig
      • Deltoid
      • Plantar fascia

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Ligament Support
      • Plantar Calcaneonavicular
      • Long Plantar Lig
      • Deltoid
      • Plantar fascia

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Ligament Support
      • Plantar Calcaneonavicular
      • Long Plantar Lig
      • Deltoid
      • Plantar fascia

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Ligament Support
      • Plantar Calcaneonavicular
      • Long Plantar Lig
      • Deltoid
      • Plantar fascia

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Muscular Support
      • Intrinsic
        • Abductor Hallucis
        • Flexor Digitorum Brevis
      • Extrinsic
        • Tibialis Posterior
        • Flexor Hallucis Longus
        • Flexor Digitorum Longus
        • Tibialis Anterior
        • Flexor Digitorm Longus

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Arches of the Foot

  • Medial Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Muscular Support
      • Intrinsic
        • Abductor Hallucis
        • Flexor Digitorum Brevis
      • Extrinsic
        • Tibialis Posterior
        • Flexor Hallucis Longus
        • Flexor Digitorum Longus
        • Tibialis Anterior
        • Flexor Digitorm Longus

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Arches of the Foot

  • Lateral Longitudinal Arch
    • Composed of
      • Calcaneus
      • Cuboid
      • 4-5th MT’s
    • Ligament Support
      • Long & Short Plantar
      • Plantar Fascia

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Arches of the Foot

  • Lateral Longitudinal Arch continued
    • Muscle Support
      • Intrinsic
        • Abductor Digiti Minimi
        • Flexor Digitorum Brevis
      • Extrinisic
        • Peroneus Longus, Brevis & Tertius

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Summary of Arches

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Arches of the Foot

  • Transverse Arch
    • Formed By:
    • Ligament Support
      • Intermetatarsal Ligaments
      • Plantar Fascia
    • Muscle Support
      • All intrinsic muscles
      • Extrinisic
        • Tibialis Posterior
        • Tibialis Anterior
        • Peroneus Longus

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Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

  • Superficial Layer
    • Abductor Hallucis
    • Abductor Digiti Minimi
    • Flexor Digitorum Brevis

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Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

  • Middle Layer
    • Quadratus Plantae
    • Lumbricales

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Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

  • Deep Layer
    • Flexor Hallucis Brevis
    • Adductor Hallucis
      • Transverse and Oblique Heads
    • Flexor Digiti Minimi

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Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface

  • Interosseus Layer
    • Plantar Interossei
    • Dorsal Interossei

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Foot Muscles – Dorsal Surface

  • Extensor Digitorum Brevis
  • Extensor Hallucis Brevis