Basic medical statistics for Clinicians
PROF./ TAREK EMRAN
Professor and Head of Clinical Pathology Department
Damietta Faculty of Medicine- Al-Azhar University
ASSOCIATE ALUMNI OF HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
How to choose the best statistical test
P Values
The probability that any observation is due to chance alone assuming that the null hypothesis is true
Typically, an estimate that has a p value of 0.05 or less is considered to be “statistically significant” or unlikely to occur due to chance alone.
The P value used is an arbitrary value
P value of 0.05 equals 1 in 20 chance
P value of 0.01 equals 1 in 100 chance
P value of 0.001 equals 1 in 1000 chance.
Correlation
Correlation
Statistical box plot
Box plots graphically depict numerical data using their descriptive statistics,
0 Mean extreme value , must delete ; * outline value, not delet
Evaluation of diagnostic performances of markers
AUC equal to 1.0 is characteristic of an ideal test, whereas 0.5 indicates a test without diagnostic value. The nearer a curve shifts to the top left and corner of the graph, the more useful the marker is for
the diagnosis.
Receiver Operating Curve (ROC), Sensitivity , Specificity
Positive predictive value (PPV)
Negative predictive value (NPV)
Tips and triks in results presentation
Dr. Tarek Emran